HIST101 American History to 1877

A. Early Life History

1. Birth

1. In a log cabin on November 23, 1804, in New Hampshire
2. Father - Lieutenant Benjamin Pierce, Mother - Anna Kendrick
   
   

B. Pre-Presidency

1. Political

1. Joined the Democratic Party which was formed in support of General Andrew Jackson
2. Won his first legislative seat in 1829
3. Had been appointed in 1829 as chairman of the House Education Committee
4. In 1830, had also been appointed as chairman of the Committee of Towns
5. Was elected as Speaker of the House in 1831 when Democrats held a legislative majority
6. Had fought in the Mexican-American war that took place in 1846
   
   

2. Non-Political

1. Went to a Hancock town school at 12 years of age
2. Went to Philips Exeter Academy in order to make preparations for college in 1816
3. Entered Bowdoin College in fall of 1820
4. Joined the Athenian Society alongside Jonathan Cilley and novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne
5. Organized a non-official military company which was named as “The Bowdoin Cadets” while in his junior year

C. Events during Administration

1. Transition

Departed to New Hampshire for the inauguration where, on a book of law, he affirmed his oath of office instead of The Bible. Also delivered his inaugural address from memory on March 4^th, 1853.

2. Political Strife

Faced oppositions and criticism from comparatively conservative “Hardshell Democrats” or “Hards” of New York and faced accusations from northern newspapers for constituting his government of people who were pro-slavery, and of abolitionism from southern newspapers.

3. Military and Foreign Affairs

The Pierce Administration allied with the “Young America” which was an expansionist movement, and had William L. Marcy responsible as Secretary of State in leading the charge. In tensed relations with Great Britain, Pierce saw gaining advantage over Britain as an essential part of his expansionist goals.

D. Post-Presidency

1. Went on a tour with his wife to Europe and the Bahamas
2. Grew increasingly spiritual during his final years

E. Wife’s Information

1. Was born in Hampton, New Hampshire to Reverend Jesse Appleton and Elizabeth Means Appleton
2. Went to school in Keene, New Hampshire in 1819
3. Disliked politics and often distanced herself from Franklin’s political associations and actions
4. Her debut official appearance as “First Lady” happened in 1855

F. Other Historical Events

1. Domestic

Weeks after he was elected, Pierce faced a train crash when he had been travelling     with his family from Boston on 6^th of January, 1853, resulting in the death of his 11-year-old son, Benjamin

2. International

The passing of the Kansas-Nebraska Act happened in May 1854 and was followed by a bloody revolution between pro and anti-slavery groups, leading to the event being called “Bloody Kansas”.

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