NUR219 Mental Health Nursing

  • Subject Code :  

    NUR219

  • Country :  

    AU

  • University :  

    Charles Darwin University

Answer:

Wish you all a very good time ahead. I am going to present my work on the ethical consideration of the Australian healthcare sector in handling an unethical incident. The topic of my presentation is “Should persons who are culpable for their ill health be required to pay more money towards the public health system than others?”

It is known to us that the public healthcare system in Australia provides an opportunity for free or very low-cost treatments to patients all around the provinces of Australia. However, some people try to take advantage of the free treatment in the public healthcare sector, such as disobeying the advice of the physician, changing the route of treatment, wasting resources of the facility. These unethical behaviours should be restricted with the enforcement of required regulations and controls.

People may tend to lead some particular lifestyle with dangerous behaviours that can affect their health significantly. Smoking, drinking alcohol, being addicted to drugs, participating in dangerous sports can be injurious to health. By comparing with a person who lead a common lifestyle and a person who committed risky activities, the person of the second category is most likely to be culpable for the same illness. For example, smoking can cause lung cancer. Comparing a non-smoker with lung cancer to a chain-smoker with lung cancer, the chain-smoker can be culpable for his health condition.

The ethical decision-making framework follows 6 steps:

  1. Identification of the stakeholders in individual, organizational and social levels
  2. Gathering the available information
  3. Considering the intuitive response to the issue
  4. Inducing the ethical analysis
  5. Comparing the relevant ethical principles, and
  6. Find a resolution to address the issue

The stakeholders are every person related to the patient and the treatment procedure including the patient, his friends or family, people around him, doctors, nurses, other clinical workers, the government and the entire healthcare sector.

We can gather data from available sources regarding the general knowledge about the impact of the risky behaviour. To know further regarding the lifestyle of the patients they will be asked about their habits and confronted about their knowledge on the negative impact. The patients may not be always cooperate, or deny their guilt. Thorough investigation may not be always possible given the shortage of time and resources, but studying the cases of each patient, the core of the problem can be known.

The nature of the problem can lead to ethical distress, moral dilemma and the locus of the authority. The patients may be cautious and take care of their own health, but they are not doing it. The doctors cannot deny the treatment, which is a moral dilemma, and this is induced by the policy and regulations of the healthcare sector that holds the locus of authority.

The response from the healthcare workers is always in the best interest of the patient. They try to arrange of take part in the awareness campaign to stop risky behaviour and advice the patients to follow those as well besides treating them. The clinical workers can opt for changing the regulations and policies of addressing the issue of self-harming and taking responsibility for health. Rehabilitation can be arranged as per requirement.

Four elements of ethical analysis including Deontology, Utilitarianism, Virtue ethics, and Relational ethics have discovered that the risky behaviour of the patients can be countered by saying that it is their own choice to lead the life. However, planting the concept of danger and awareness in the elementary learning could be helpful to get hold of the situation.

While comparing the relevant ethical principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice, it can be observed that autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence support the right of the patient to get the standard treatment with standard terms and conditions. However, if adequate evidence can be presented regarding the patients’ offensive behaviour to be the reason of his illness, the extra charge can be imposed on the patient.

The clinicians can make some resolutions regarding the alteration of the regulation and policy of the clinical practice in the public healthcare sector. They may appeal for charging extra expense from the persons who are culpable for their own illness as a part of spreading awareness and preventing people to continue dangerous practices.

The clinicians need to show empathy and justice to the patients even if they are responsible for their own illness. They cannot charge them extra money than other patients because this will be an act against the ethical considerations. However, appeal to change the policies can be made by requesting the implementation of extra monetary charge as a warning for the patients to stop risky behaviour.

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