NR704 Concepts in Population Health

The intervention that should be implemented for the elderly (above 70 years of age) who are most affected by diabetes includes provision of individualized MNT (medical nutrition therapy) and nutrition counseling so as to achieve the normal blood glucose levels and minimize risk of developing chronic complications (Evert et al., 2019). 

Describe how you became interested in this group (population) and the proposed intervention. In other words, describe your spirit of inquiry.

Diabetes is a very common health condition which affects the lives of millions of people worldwide. It affects all irrespective of age but in the elderly, diabetes has been known to show an upward trend that is progressing rapidly. Since diet is an important factor in controlling diabetes hence the intervention of providing individualized MNT and nutrition counseling suits the situation to the best.

What information/data led you to propose this intervention?

According to the report published by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2019, diabetes has affected 463 million adults aged 20 to 79 years and this number is only expected to increase in the coming years. In older adults, 1 out of 5 are affected with diabetes (Saeedi et al., 2019). This is a huge matter of concern which led to the proposition of this intervention.

How did you find this intervention?

This intervention is the listed by The World Health Organization (WHO) as the first measure that should be taken for management of diabetes. MNT is a form of dietary treatment which aims to control weight of obese individuals, ensures good glycaemic control, corrects abnormalities in lipids and ensures compatibility with other treatment regimes (Roglic, 2016). 

Who is the defined group you think would benefit from this intervention (be specific in describing this group/population)?

The defined group that would benefit from this intervention includes the elderly, specifically those who are 60 years or more of age since this group mostly comprises of retired individuals who are leading a sedentary life and not capable of performing exercises to stay healthy.

Why do you think this intervention will work for this group (population)?

This intervention will ensure that the diabetic individual is consuming the right amounts of daily serves of fat, protein and carbohydrates. Since this therapy program involves personalization of dietary intake, hence it promises a positive outcome. Nutrition counseling will ensure that the patient is consuming their meals on the desired time and maintain consistency. Counseling will also keep a regular check on their eating habits thereby providing the best outcome.

What outcomes do you think would change if the group/population received the proposed intervention?

By receiving the proposed intervention, the group/ population will be impacted positively. They will be able to lead a better and a healthy life and the risk of developing further complications due to the disorder will also reduce to a significant extent. The mortality rate will decline to some extent and if not total prevention but management of symptoms will be a lot easier.

A PICOT question is one which includes the study population (P), the interventions (I), a control (C ), an outcome (O), and the time period (T) (Lira & Rocha, 2019). 

A PICOT question to guide the review : In the elderly who are affected with diabetes (P), how effective will an individualized MNT (medical nutrition therapy) and nutrition counseling therapy (I) be compared to regular diet control tips (C ) in controlling the complications (O) that may arise after a period of 5- 10 years of the disease (T).

References

Evert, A. B., Dennison, M., Gardner, C. D., Garvey, W. T., Lau, K. H. K., MacLeod, J., ... & Yancy, W. S. (2019). Nutrition therapy for adults with diabetes or prediabetes: a consensus report. Diabetes Care, 42(5), 731-754. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci19-0014 

Lira, R. P. C., & Rocha, E. M. (2019). PICOT: Imprescriptible items in a clinical research question. Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia, 82(2), 1-1. https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20190028 

Roglic, G. (2016). WHO Global report on diabetes: A summary. International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases, 1(1), 3. https://www.ijncd.org/article.asp?issn=2468-8827;year=2016;volume=1;issue=1;spage=3;epage=8;aulast=Roglic 

Saeedi, P., Petersohn, I., Salpea, P., Malanda, B., Karuranga, S., Unwin, N., ... & IDF Diabetes Atlas Committee. (2019). Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 157, 107843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843 

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