ITECH2305 Analysing the Modern Business

Introduction

Corona virus disease 2019 commonly known as COVID-19 has changed the world forever. According to statistics released by world health organization (WHO), thousands of people are dying every day due to this pandemic. Millions of people all over the world are currently on a lockdown.  Most of the countries including Australia have lifted lots of restrictions putting to slow down the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Armadale Kelmscott District hospital in Australia is one of the health institutions which has gone ahead to use the process of health mapping technique coupled with an e-health system to monitor the health situation of their patients. Specifically. Also as part of COVID-19 response the organization has set-up a COVID clinic as part of managing and preparation of COVID-19. Even though Armadale has set-up all these process still the organization is unable to monitor health status of its patient.  

Task 1

Overview of Armadale Health Hospital 

Armadale hospital is one of the leading public hospitals in Australia that delivers quality health care to the Australia citizens. The hospital is located about 34 kilometers South-east if Perth central business district. Currently the hospital is said to have a capacity of about 290 beds with a range of several medical specialties including a twenty four hour emergency services, general medicine, pediatric care, maternity, surgery, and mental health (GovernmentofwesternAustralia, 2020).

Current situation of the sector or organization

According to Australian Government COVID-19 is spreading at an alarming rate in Australia by the beginning of this year. According to statistics released by WHO since January 3^rd 2020 to around 17^th May 2021, Australia has reported about 29978 confirmed cases of coronal virus disease with about 910 deaths (WHO, 2021). The cases continue to raise to daily basis. It is very important to note that there are number situations which are done in health facility to access COVID-19 situation. These are assessing the number of COVID-19 infections to those patients with the symptoms, the number of corona virus infections in patients without the symptoms, COVID-19 virus hospital admissions in the general population, COVID-19 mortality and deaths rate, COVID-19 patients moved to ICU, and the progress of COVID-19 patients. From this situations Armadale hospital has implemented the use of a number of information systems technologies. First as a technique of health mapping Armadale hospital has implemented e-health system. E-health information system has six major areas these are telemedicine, mobile health, social media for health, electronic health records, health data analysis and big data, mobile health, and E-learning. With telemedicine module Armadale hospital us able to remotely deliver COVID-19 health services which includes clinical diagnosis. Mobile health module, Armadale hospital is able to use health information and medical practices to reach a wide geographical areas like call centers. E-learning module, Armadale hospital is able to educate and train its people, patients, and its health workforce. Second through the Australian government, Armadale hospital introduced what was known as Australian Government WhatsApp channel for COVID-19. Through the COVID-19 whatsApp channel one is able to learn on coronavirus disease. Here Armadale hospital provides information and guidance on the latest news about COVID-19, the number of cases, how to stop the spread of the disease, supporting oneself, friends and families, and how one can check their symptoms. This type of technology uses Wi-Fi connections, EDGE, 2G, 3G, and 4G. Here one can make calls, receive and send messages, videos, photos, and documents (AustralianHealthGovernment, 2020). Even though Armadale hospital has implemented these types of information system as a way of mapping COVID-19 disease, these technologies are still faced with a lot of challenges. Example e-health system is said to have a medical error rate of about five percent. Second these two types of information do not do real time reporting of covid-19 which is very fundamental if the hospital is dedicated in reducing the number of COVID-19 response rate. Third issue is that there is dire need of inter-agency or hospital data sharing and what is known as geographic visualization of COVID-19 cases. This assist in close monitoring of the infections of COVID-19 and the mortality rate. The currently two information system cannot meet these threshold as there do not have such capabilities or technologies.  

Key process in place using BPMN

Figure one and two below shows the BPMN process for management and monitoring of COVID-19 using the two types of information system described in the previous section i.e. e-health system and Australian WhatsApp

Figure 1: E-health system BPMN process

Figure 2: Australian WhatsApp BPMN process

Organizational structure

At Armadale Health Hospital health care is classified into three that is primary, secondary and tertiary care. Primary care in this case usually consists of simple and basic care which is provided at the entry of the hospital. Secondary type of care consists of specialized care which requires a complicated and sophisticated treatment plan; this usually involves of hospitalization. Then there is tertiary care which costs of highly specialized diagnosis and other forms of therapeutic services (Mathankumar, 2015). At the top in the hospital is the board of directors, then there is the administration which consist of a superintendent and deputy superintendent. These two individuals manages four services directly from their offices which are information services, support services, and diagnostic services.    

Task 2

Business requirements

As highlighted previous COVID-19 disease is causing disruption of various activities including social and economic activities. This raises the dire need of visualization, analytics, and mapping of the disease using an appropriate information system. Second, there that desire by the hospital to provide real-time reporting of COVID-19 disease. Other needs to manage all the instances recorded about the disease (Saran, 2021) 

Stakeholder requirements

The following lists the five major stakeholders’ requirements to manage COVID-19 disease at Armadale Health Hospital. These are broken down into two functional and non-functional requirements

Non-functional requirements

• Notifying communities and agencies
• Maintaining situational awareness
• Tracking and monitoring cases of COVID-19 and any outbreak
• Ensuring resource allocation
• Evaluating disease threats and assessing risks associated with the disease  
• Identification of a potential group quarantine
• Enforcing groups and community or personal quarantine based on information provided about the disease.  

Functional requirements

• Contact tracing
• Real-time analysis of COVID-19 cases
• Real-time visualization
• COVID-19 disease mapping
• Spatial-GEO analysis of the disease

Transitional requirements

Use case diagram for GIS information system   

Figure 3: UML Use case diagram

Task 3

Two alternative solutions

There are two major alternatives that Armadale hospital can go for; first is an information powered by GIS or what is known as GIS cloud information system. This type of information system will be specifically be aimed at setting-up a data value chain for coronavirus. Second the information will be aimed at developing a framework for Australian citizens’ enhancement via participatory GIS. Third the system will be aimed at making data-driven decisions making using of an integrated multi-stakeholder real-time web based GIS IS platform. Also this type of system have the ability of providing real-time mapping, collection, analysis and surveillance, and data collection of COVID-19 cases.

A GIS type of information is a unique approach which has not been implemented in any of hospitals across Australia. This type of information system has the ability of providing a customized-fitted and an inter-agency technological platform via citizen’s engagement. It is important to note that this type of information system comes with what is known as geosocial app and a public service platform all of these are integrated to the GIS information system. In this case the app is used to assist patients to seek medical treatment and to make personal decisions which are based on self-quarantine. The public service platform is sued to provide information to the public about the spread of the disease. It is important to note that this type of information system i.e. GIS uses big data from the Australia big data to detect the movement about the people and disease case records; this assist to check if a use has ever had any close contact with a person suspected or confirmed to have been infected with COVID-19 disease. Later the public service platform can be used to information the citizen based on their location and the recent movements whether and they have been within the last two weeks. This means that this type of system can be very much effective as it can be used to provide what is known as close contact detector. The app in this case is used to perform three major functions which are close contact inquiry, the location information about the activity spaces of the all the nearby confirmed cases, and activities or the routes which has been used by a victim of the disease.  

Second Armadale hospital can opt to integrate into their existing e-health system a COVID-19 technology module. After registering those individuals who come to get health services. The system will have the ability of filtering those individuals who have been diagnosed with the disease. Later the person gets a unique code from the system via SMS sent to registered phone numbers. With this module in their current information system; hospitals stakeholders will be in a position to tell the number of people diagnosed with the disease and their premise location.       

Task 4: Recommended solution

Solution that addresses management and monitoring of COVID-19

In this case, this paper, recommends the use of a real-time GIS type of information system. This type of information system is cloud based which two of major benefits is that it is user-friendly and can be easily be deployed without necessarily undegoing hugging cost. Second the disease has the ability of providing dynamic maps this will enable the hospital to understand the geographical distribution of COVID-19. Also from the information system the hospital is able to perform analysis on frequency cases of COVID-19, COVID-19 association with the environment, COVID-19 mapping, and spatial cluster of the disease. With this type of visualization and analytical capabilities about the disease, GIS information system will be in a position to tell the widespread of the disease.

 By further integrating the information system with a geospatial app then the system will be in a position to give real-time reporting of the disease. Also the cloud web-based platform which comes with the information system means that the hospital will be in a position to perform health mapping meaning that the information comes with two major modules which are geospatial dashboard and the geospatial service platform. Lastly from this type of information system it will assists in representing what is known as spatio-temporal information and analysis of the dynamic spread of COVID-19 disease.  Once the system is up and running no need in organizational structure change which is needed for the GIS system as it incorporated in the current primary structure. One of the important process which will need to be performed by the health sector is to input the current data about COVID-19 into the GIS system. Second, is to upgrade the current hardware and software to current i.e. a device which can hold windows 2010; this process is to be performed by the hospital. Another key process is the integration of the current e-health system with the developed GIS system.   

Conclusion

As highlighted from this paper, it is evident that e-health system is faced with various challenges. One of the major challenges is disease mapping and real-time reporting of COVID-19 cases. This report has shown that GIS type of information system not only the system is able to do health mapping but also perform real-time analysis and spatial type of analysis.  

References

AustralianHealthGovernment. (2020). Australian Government WhatsApp channel for COVID-19. Retrieved from Australian Health Government : https://www.health.gov.au/resources/apps-and-tools/australian-government-whatsapp-channel-for-covid-19

GovernmentofwesternAustralia. (2020). Armadale Health Service. Retrieved from Government of Western Auastralia East Metropolitan Health Service : https://emhs.health.wa.gov.au/Hosp itals-and-Services/Hospitals/ AHS#:~:text=Armadale%20Health%2 0Service,-The%20 Armad ale%20Hea lth&text=As%20a%20ge neral%20hospital%20located,h ealth%2C%20maternity%20and%20paediatric%20care.

Mathankumar. (2015). Hospital organizational structures. Brisbane : Springer Press.

Saran, S. (2021). Review of Geospatial Technology for Infectious Disease Surveillance: Use Case on COVID-19. COVID-19, 1121–1138.

WHO. (2021, May 18th ). World Health Organization . Retrieved from WHO Health emergency Dashboard : https://covid19.who.int/region/wpro/country/au

Have you reached your limit trying to find dependable assignment help in London, Glasgow, Nottingham, Bristol, and Cardiff? Now, unlock top-quality dissertation help in the UK only on Myassignmenthelp.co.uk.

For over a decade, we have been resolving assignment problems for millions of students wondering, “Who can provide me with quality homework help?” Our priority is to maintain top-notch standards in every assignment we deliver.

As a result, when you look for law assignment help on our website, you can hire professional lawyers for a consultation. So, don't let your academic worries fester. Instead, hire our professional paper writers and increase your chances of securing an A+.