BMAN73561 International Business Strategy

Global Business Management

There are several ways a MNCs can ensure that it is not exploiting the resources in countries like Bolivia and ensure its many stakeholders that it is conducting business in an ethical manner. These stakeholders include the government of the country they are extracting the resource from, residents of that country, along with investors. One of the ways to go about is to join hands with the government and the people of the country, so they are not worried about being exploited. The MNCs can partner with the government or a local company of the country to build trust with the locals of the country and the government. Influx of capital in the country will bring along technology and employment in the country, which will go a long way in development of the country too (Bardy, Drew & Kennedy, 2012). The company can also ensure that it does not release hazardous waste without treating it, into the environment.

In the case of Bolivia, a small South American country, there is a huge reserve of lithium in Salar de Uyuni region, under the largest salt flat in the world. The reserves are believed to be one-fourth of the world’s lithium reserves, giving Bolivia a chance to rise from the poverty and build its wealth (Viddler, 2021). MNCs often come and take over the region, which leaves nothing for the natives of the country and then leaves them by exploiting their resources. MNCs can ensure that the resources are not exploited and used optimally and ethically. The above-mentioned ways are some of the few ways the companies willing to work with the government of Bolivia can ensure that it proceeds with the project in an ethical way and also develop and benefit the people of Bolivia, as they have been exploited before and want a better future for themselves and the future generations to come.

Religions

Shinto is a religion of japan which in other words is also known as kami-no-Michi. The scholars of religion further classified Shinto as an east Asian religion and the practitioners of this religion regard this religion as an indigenous and a nature religion of japan. Practitioners are often regarded as “Shintoists” by the scholars. It has been observed that there is a lot of diversity that exists among the practitioners of this religion and hence Shinto holds no control towards the central authority (Katu, 2010). It is believed that the Shinto religion is polytheistic and have a revolution around kami, that is, spirits and gods. The link that the natura world and kami has, made Shinto to be considered as pantheistic and animistic. The kami is worshiped at different places and the latter of kami are staffed by the Kannushi who are the priests. Shinto religion focuses on various beliefs and practices which includes purity, harmony, Makoto which is also known as sincerity and lastly Matsuri which comes under the festivals of Shinto beliefs. Apart from this, essential Shinto practices covers visiting shrines, reciting prayers, purification and giving offerings and the major area look ponder upon the Shinto practices is, funerals do not occur in the shrines of Shinto as death is considered to be impure in Shinto religion (Ono & Woodard, 2011). According to me, Shinto beliefs and practice should be laid greater emphasis as the humans of Shinto religion who follow the beliefs and the practices are considered to be fundamentally good and on the other hand, the purpose of Shinto rituals and beliefs is keeping away the evil spirits by doing prayers and offerings to kami and by following purification. Laying emphasis on beliefs of Shinto is also because it values and enjoys the beauty of nature and shows allegiance to an individual’s community and family which is considered as the best part of Shinto religion.

Leadership

Howard Schultz, a very well-known transformational leader and business of America serving as a chief executive officer of Starbucks coffee company. He also owned a basketball team known as Seattle Supersonics from 2001 to 2006 (Drucker, 2016).

Howard Schultz, as a CEO had his primary goals and vision and he inspires others and his employees by being very passionate about what he does and did for the company. Even after experiencing many difficulties, he came back with goals in his mind. Other than this, Howard Schultz demonstrates his genuine concern for other and his employees as he offered four-year college degree to his employees at lower cost which also helps in encouraging the employees. He further challenges others to be creative and innovative in their own way by stating that chasing profits alone will only lead to carcinogenic disease. He speaks about his experience which also tells about the importance of a true leader. On the basis of the above-mentioned behaviour of Howard Schultz, it is evident that he serves as a role model for others as he has made so many transformations not only for the company as a CEO but also as a real-life person (Rubin, 2013).

Howard Schultz further demonstrates the four L’s of transformational leadership, that is, idealised influence, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and individual consideration. He uses these factors of transformational leadership to combat with the obstacles of business in order to achieve the success of the organization. He believed to bring his vision to reality and to meet this, he used motivation and skills of influencing others to achieve the set vision. He was a great leader who motivated and inspired people and employees around him by the work he did for Starbucks (Schultz, 2014).

International Business Law

The Madoff Investment scandal is one of the biggest Ponzi scandal in the history of US. The scam is estimated to be worth $50 billion, and it was revealed in December of 2008. The scam is assumed to be going on for more than a decade, and the regulatory body did not take any action against Bernard Madoff, even after being alerted by Harry Markopolos, Madoff Whistleblower, who alerted the SEC, time and again, about the fraudulent activates going on in the Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC (Britannica, 2020). But SEC did not heed to the warnings and continued to ignore them, until the end of the year 2008, when they finally took action and arrested the major players in the scam, including Bernard Madoff, his brother Peter Madoff and other participants, who were aware about the scheme and participated in it.  

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, also known as SEC, could have prevented the fraudulent activities of Bernard Madoff and his company early on. The Ponzi scheme, admitted by Bernard Madoff himself, had been running since 1990s. SEC, as the regulatory body responsible for regulating the activities of the firms, companies and the exchange, should have made intervention, much before in 2008. They were warned by the Madoff whistleblower, Harry Markopolos, since 2001. But they did not take action or even investigate the firm thoroughly until very late. They should have conducted a thorough investigation before then. Although examination was done after receiving the complaints, they were never thorough and missed the signs (SEC, 2009). They should also have conducted regular audits to ensure that the legal rules and regulations are being followed in the firm. Their leniency and lack of control over the fraudulent activities resulted in the securities exchange facing the burnt of the consequences of the scam.

The default at SEC side caused lack of faith amongst the foreign investors for US Financial exchange, as this incident indicated to lack of effective control of SEC over the activities of the financial exchanges in the country. They could not, for quite some time, trust the financial market of the US and invest and/or trade in it. They were afraid that they would lose their money in the market and will not earn any kind of return from the exchanges. It is important that the SEC fulfill its purpose and take a stricter approach for regulation of the financial exchange and the market.

Global Conflict

The concept of the human rights was first traced back to the year 539 BC, when Cyrus II, also known as Cyrus the Great, conquered Babylon and freed the people under slavery and declared that each and everyone is free to choose their respective culture, religion and are free to worship the god they wish to (Dr. H, 2021). He established racial equality amongst the people of Babylon. This, along with other principles were given by Cyrus, which were written on a clay cylinder, which is the first ever Declaration of Human Rights to exist in the history (YouTube, 2021). The clay cylinder is saved and is preserved at the United Nation office in the New York City.  The history of Democracy could be traced back around the 5^th century BCE, in Greece. The term was used to denote or describe the political system that was used in the cities of Greece, especially in the city of Athens.

People, especially Americans have become cynical in respect of the political view of their fellow Americans. People believe that democracy is becoming fragmented, the media becoming biased, and spreading misinformation to the public. The people have become divided in their opinions and cannot seem to agree upon various political aspects (Dimock, 2020). The current situation is the proof of the peoples’ take on democracy. They believe that the democracy is in crisis, and action has to be taken to restore it. Election of Joe Biden as the country’s president is a step taken by majority of the Americans, in order to restore the democratic aspects back. Trump’s denial to losing the election is proof that the cynical thoughts of people is justified, and media and democracy are under “crisis” or “in peril”. Capitol riot is the prime example of how the democracy is under crisis, how it is falling, and how, if not controlled and system restore back, it will lead to bigger global conflicts. People should also contribute to the restoration, and should behave in a respectful manner, where they accept the procedure of the democracy and should accept the results of election (Dr. H, 2021).

References

Bardy, R., Drew, S., & Kennedy, T. F. (2012). Foreign investment and ethics: How to contribute to social responsibility by doing business in less-developed countries. Journal of Business Ethics, 106(3), 267-282.

Britannica. (2020). Bernie Madoff.  https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bernie-Madoff

Dimock, M. (2020). How Americans view trust, facts and democracy today?. https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/trust/archive/winter-2020/how-americans-view-trust-facts-and-democracy-today

Dr. H. (2021). Lecture 9a - Democracy and Human Rights. https://berkeleycollege.instructure.com/courses/18873/files/5220724/download?wrap=1

Dr. H. (2021). Lecture 9b - History Context and Examples of Social Justice. https://berkeleycollege.instructure.com/courses/18873/files/5220725/download?wrap=1

Drucker, P. F. (2016). My vision of Leadership. Leadership.

Hirai, N. (2020). Shinto. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shinto

Katu, G. (2010). A study of Shinto: the religion of the Japanese nation (Vol. 82). Routledge.

Ono, S., & Woodard, W. P. (2011). Shinto The kami way. Tuttle publishing.

Rubin, E. N. (2013). Assessing your leadership style to achieve organizational objectives. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 32(6), 55-66.

Schultz, H. (2014). Starbucks coffee company: Transformation and renewal.

SEC. (2009). Report of Investigation. https://www.sec.gov/files/oig-509-exec-summary.pdf

Viddler. (2021). Video. https://www.viddler.com/embed/780c16da/?f=1&autoplay=0&player=full&disablebranding=0

YouTube. (2021). What are Human Rights?. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1WlpI8-OuQ

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