CHEN10122 Chemical Engineering Design Project

Hydrogen Production Through Natural Gas Reforming 

For the hydrogen production process the focus has been made on the hydrogen production through the use of the steam reforming process. The hydrogen production process is an advanced process which is usually builds upon the existing pipeline for natural gas infrastructure (Qadrdan et al. 2015).   The same case can also be employed by the company within the Uk in setting up the production plant for the hydrogen gas energy.

How The Method Works 

The following analysis provides a complete description with regard to how the process generally works. Methane CH4 is contained within the natural gas and is utilized in the production of hydrogen gas through the engagement of thermal processes. The two thermal processes involved here include the partial oxidation method and the steam methane reformation processes.

Steam Methane Reforming 

 In this mature process of hydrogen process steam at temperatures of about (700-1,000) is applicable in the production of hydrogen with the effective application of the methane source such as the existing natural gas. For steam reforming process, there is an effective reaction between methane and steam which is subjected to 2-35bars and also with the general presence of catalyst which play a role in terms of helping in the production of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and also some small quantities of carbon dioxide. The steam reforming process is generally an endothermic process. In that the reaction process requires the constant supply of heat (Qadrdan et al. 2015).   . The produced carbon monoxide as then reacted to a catalyst to aid in the production of carbon dioxide and other quantities of hydrogen. The final stage in this process sis referred to as the pressure swing absorption and it involves the removal of other impurities and carbon dioxide from the gas steam and this is aimed at leaving only pure hydrogen.  The steam reforming process is also very applicable in hydrogen production through the use of other fuels such as gasoline, propane and ethanol.

Partial Oxidation

 For the case of partial oxidation, me thane or other hydrocarbons is reacted to  limited quantities of oxygen and this is not capable of ensuring the complete oxidation of hydrocarbons to either carbon dioxide or water.  From this reaction processes, it must be reiterated that the process results primarily to the reduction of hydrogen ad carbon monoxide ad also nitrogen in case the reaction is done with air rather than pure oxygen. The reaction referred to as the water gas-shift method there is a reaction between water and carbon monoxide and this results to the formation of the more hydrogen and carbon dioxide (Qadrdan et al. 2015).  The partial oxidation process is an exothermic process and it results to the general release of heat. In comparison to the steam reforming process, the process is much faster and the reactor vessel required for the reactions is much small. The following equation illustrates the general partial reform process used in the production of hydrogen.

Waste To Energy

The use of waste to energy is critical sustainable solutions which can be used in the production of energy. Waste solutions are a critical technique which use in the production of energy and helps in the conservation of energy. WTE solutions are a critical technology. There are also several initiatives which the company can utilize with regard to the production of energy. The waste management has become a very critical technique which is being used with regard to the waste management in major cities. This energy production technique can be quite essential with regard to environmental conservation and can help replace the landfills which are being used for disposal.

The low cost nitrogen gas reforming process and plays critical role for creation of hydrogen fuels for Full Cell electric vehicles together with other numerous energy applications and use. More focus is thus placed with regard to hydrogen gas form more renewable techniques ranging for coal nuclear power. The operation of the steam reformation techniques can also be operated in an intergraded mode and this is quite critical in terms of reviewing the level of sustainability of the technique in relation to energy production. The costs of production are generally reduced with regard to the production of energy. It is also reviewed with regard to the operation of the power plant. The main concern with regard to the steam reformation process entails the release of carbon dioxide. This is a very critical stage of the energy production process through the reformation process. From the analysis, it is clear that the deposition of the produced Carbon dioxide is one of the major concerns with regard to the use of hydrogen as a source of energy. It must be noted that the carbon dioxide produced as a waste form the reformation process can cause considerable pollution to the soil.

This is one of the most critical aspects of the energy production with the use of hydrogen in comparison to other sources such as the waste to energy. The use of waste for the production of energy is quite a sustainable technique which can play a critical role with regard to achieving environmental conservation and sustainability.  The major concern with regard to the use of industrial waste for the production of energy can be seen on the aspect of the possibility of pollution of air for the surrounding. This is very critical in terms of reviewing how the waste which are use for the production of energy can be effectively be conserved as a technique for the production of energy. In spite of these reviews, it must be reiterated that the use of waste to energy is one of the most effective ways that the company can employ for the effective production of energy. It is critical to not that the probable challenges with regard to the use of this technique for the production of energy is seen on the aspect of the technicalities in the production processes and the required human resource and the machines which are needed for effective recycling of the waste. This is thus very critical for achieving general success for the production of energy. 

Sustainable Use Waste To Energy

The sustainability of the use of the hydrogen reformation process is also effectively achieved through the following analysis. The sustainability in the hydrogen reformation process can entail the processes where, hydrogen is utilized as a byproduct of a given industrial process. This is termed as the residual hydrogen. The industrial processes create hydrogen as a byproduct. Example of these processes where hydrogen is created as a waste from the industrial process includes the production of chlorine and caustic soda result in the production of hydrogen as a waste product. From this technical review, it must be reiterated that the general production process is very effective in terms of ensuring high levels of sustainability for the hydrogen production process in general. 

In the review of the general production process, it must be reiterated the reformation process sis very effective ranging from costs, environmental conservation and can also help the company in complying with the set environmental set standards and regulations for the specific energy production(Qadrdan et al. 2015).   . This is a very critical approach for ensuring high levels of sustainability in the production process and is thus very critical for minimizing the release of green gases to the environment. In this proposal, further analysis have been drawn on the major strategies and techniques that ensure that the hydrogen reformation process is quite an effective one and technique that the company can consider with regard to the construction of the hydrogen production power plant within the United Kingdom.

Comparison Of The Social, Economic And The Environmental Impact For The Hydrogen Reformation Process 

The hydrogen reformation process has been analyzed in relation to the general environmental, social and economic impacts which are the main basis for which the reformation process is reviewed. The general review has been provided for hydrogen in the production of energy. From the general review, there is a considerable presentation which clearly states how the use of hydrogen energy will play a critical role in terms of ensuring environmental conservation (Chemical utilization of hydrogen from fluctuating energy sources – Catalytic transfer hydrogenation from charged Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier systems, 2016). The eligibility of the use of the hydrogen as sources of energy has been seen on its low level of emissions in comparison to other sources of energy such as the fossil fuels. Fossil based fuels have been seen to have tremendous effects on the environment and this is one of the main reasons why the use of hydrogen fuels as sources of energy is becoming an alternative sources of energy (Dincer and Acar, 2015). Despite the law emissions seen from the use of hydrogen as a source of energy, it must be noted that there are other considerable climatic effects of the use of hydrogen as a source of energy (Dincer and Acar, 2015). A deeper analysis states that the use of hydrogen as a source of energy causes it to react generally with the atmosphere with the tropospheric termed as OH radicals and release consequences of hydrogen to the atmosphere would greatly result to the ozone and the methane disruption of the atmosphere.

Despite of these advantages, hydrogen is still considered as an indirect greenhouse gas as it use as a source of energy is also likely to result to global warming (Dodds et al., 2015). From the environmental impacts review, it must be reiterated that the use of hydrogen as a source of energy leads to the general burden methane and nitrogen and this main reason why it has serious effects on the ozone layer.  From numerous scientific research works and findings, it is estimated that climate change effects on climate is generally lower in comparison to other sources of energy within the environment in general (Dodds et al., 2015).  These general impacts on the climate resulting from the use of hydrogen could mainly result from leakages during the general synthesis use and the storage of hydrogen.  From the general analysis, it I detonated that the general impacts of hydrogen to the environment is estimated at 0.6% this is a much lower value in comparison to fossil fuels which has a much higher percentage. It must be noted that, earn the leakage is not minimized, the general environmental impacts will be estimated at 10%. From the general review of the use of hydrogen as source of energy, it must be reiterated that the use of hydrogen will not have a much pronounced effects on the environment (Qadrdan et al. 2015).   . The major issue raised with regard to the use of hydrogen in the production of energy has been stated in the possibility of leakage as it must be ensured that the energy production system ensures that there is minimal leakage with regard to the use of hydrogen in the production of energy (Dodds et al., 2015).  

There have been serious technological   improvements with the constants investments which have been made on hydrogen. The major sustainability issue has been reviewed in relation to the general design of the hydrogen cell and the general dispensing systems (Qadrdan et al. 2015).   . This sustainability focus has been made with the aim of achieving cost-effectiveness and the ensuring the safe operation of the production power plant. The major analysis has also been made with regard to the safety of transport of hydrogen which makes it quite sustainable and efficient in relation to the combustion based technologies.

Company Should Peruse Hydrogen As a Source Of Energy

From the following analysis, I suggest that the company should peruse the use of hydrogen as a source of sustainable energy. The following analysis provides the major reasons why I would advise the Company to operate in the United Kingdom to engage in hydrogen energy production that the solar energy sources (Qadrdan et al. 2015).   . From above analysis, it must be reiterated that the company should engage in the use of hydrogen as an alternative sources of energy as it plays a critical role in terms of ensuring minimal pollution to the environment. The main reasons why I would advise the firm to engage in the use of hydrogen alternative sources of energy are due to its high levels of efficiency (Marchenko and Solomin, 2015). This is quite important in comparison to other renewable sources of energy such as solar where the produced electrical energy produced is low in comparison to the amount of solar involved din the general energy conversion process. The other main reason why I would advise the company to engage in the use of hydrogen in the production of energy is the increased affordability with regard to product manufacturing. The general cost of production of energy with the use of hydrogen is quite efficient in comparison to other most sources of energy. This is a major advantage when it comes to the production of energy with the use of hydrogen that the company must put into total consideration.

Social, Environmental And Economic Impacts Of Hydrogen Energy Production Power Plant 

The following analysis provides a clear elaboration of the general impacts both socially environmental and economically resulting from the setting of a hydrogen power production plant (Qadrdan et al. 2015).   . The impact assessment on the setting up a hydrogen production plant reveals serious social impacts which must be categorically addressed for successful energy production. There are numerous social impacts which results from the construction of hydrogen. The main concern which has social impacts is the possibility of leakage with regard to the production of energy from the plant (Qadrdan et al., 2015). This might have serious impacts as t may result to the pollution of the surrounding. This is very critical as it may have tremendous influence on the lives of individuals living around the hydrogen power production plant. This analysis must be critically observed for the general success of the plant and the Company must ensure that there are adequate strategies which can be involve ensuring that there is as minimal leakage as possible so that the people living around the plant are not affected. There are also other notable impacts from the setting up of the hydrogen energy production plant (Qadrdan et al., 2015). It must be reiterated that the setting of the power plant might result in displacement of settlement. These impacts must be accurately observed to ensure that the individuals who are displacing from these e construction processes are adequately compensated.

The second analysis with regard to the review of the impacts of setting up an hydrogen production plant is the effects it will have on the environment. It must be noted that hydrogen production power plant might have serious environmental impact in case leakage are not minimized during the production process (Qadrdan et al. 2015).   . It must be reiterated that despite hydrogen is a green source of energy, the source of energy might have serious environmental impacts in case there are instances of leakages to the environment. It must be noted that leakages to the environment might cause impact on the methane layer of the environment (Qadrdan et al., 2015). The pollution may also result to the destruction of the ozone layer. This is very critical point that the plant must put into serious consideration as a technique of ensuring that the power plant for the hydrogen energy production has minimal environmental impacts to the environment.

The final review is the economic aspects of setting up the power plan. It must be noted that there is high initial costs with regard to the setting up of the power plant (Qadrdan et al. 2015). These costs include the general capital costs for purchase of the machines and the storage facilities for the hydrogen utilized in the energy production. Comparing these costs with other source of energy, it must be noted that the production is maintained at high levels of efficiency in comparison to other source such as solar sources of energy. It must be reiterated that the costs of the general distribution of hydrogen energy is considerably lower I comparison to other sources of energy. This is a general critical review with regard to the general economic aspects of the construction and the operation of the hydrogen energy production plant within the United Kingdom.

Mitigation Strategies For Challenge Of The Hydrogen Energy Production

In line with the major challenges which have been highlighted with regard to hydrogen energy production, the following strategies can be employed to deal with these challenges that result from the sue of hydrogen in the production of energy(Qadrdan et al. 2015).   . The following strategies splays a critical role with regard to coming up with solutions of both the social environmental and economics of hydrogen energy production. One of the key strategies that the company can engage in terms of limiting the general pollution levels form the use of hydrogen in the production of energy is ensuring that there are minimal leakages. This is very critical as leakages are the main source of pollution to the environment from hydrogen power plants. Other management approaches can also be used in minimizing risk possibilities from the production of hydrogen Active ignition is a very effective strategy which can be used to ensure that that flammable components orgasm are eliminated and there is minimal effects on the individuals working on the hydrogen production sites(Qadrdan et al. 2015). The social impacts of the construction of the hydrogen production site can also be mitigated through effective community involvement as this will play a critical role in terms of ensuring that all the individuals are sensitized with regard to the power production plant. This is also very essential in ensuring that the individuals are compensated effetely for the general success of construction and the operation of the power plant.

The Eia Report For The Power Plant Development

This report has focused on the environment impact assessment with regard to the setting up of the hydrogen power plant. The project focuses on the construction of a hydrogen power plat. The Environment Impact assessment is thus focused on the general impact of constructing the power plant with the United Kingdom. From this analysis, it must be reiterated that the use of hydrogen as a source of energy is one of the main alternatives which is being employed to dealing the global warming issues that is currently affecting different parts of the globe. Hydrogen is thus being considered as another green source with regard to the production of energy.  As described in the production strategies, the chemical equations were quite effective in terms of providing effective explanation with regard to the general production processes for hydrogen as how it can be obtained as a byproduct form other industrial processes. In this EIA , further analysis have been drawn with regard to also how the construction of the power plant is likely to affect the environment also. This is a very critical approach that has also been stated strategies for reviewing the environment assessment for this research work in general. The project has adequate budget and there is no possibilities of failure which might affect the construction of the power plant.

Conclusions 

The research analysis has effectively provided the technical review with regard to the construction of the hydrogen power plant.  Numerous points have been explained with regard to both the economic, environmental and the social viability of constructing and hydrogen power plants. He research has confirmed that there is minimal pollution from hydrogen power plants in comparison to fossil fuel sources of energy. The main subject of the discussion effectively analyzed in the research paper is how to ensure the effective integration for the hydrogen power plants and natural gas. These integrations capabilities have been highlighted o have advantages in relation to ensuring minimal environmental effects of the power plants. Appropriate analyses have also been given with regard to the necessary technologies which can be used with regard to providing solutions to the challenge resulting form hydrogen power plants.

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