PHYS10302 Vibrations and Waves

Aim of the Experiment

The experiment aims at exploring and explaining the measurement of wavelength of light in the laboratory without using a photometer. The experiment intends to use a ruler to measure the wavelength of light.

Independent and Dependent Variables

When measuring the wavelength of light, an equation model is involved. On the model, frequency of light emitted (c) is the independent variable since it is set by the scientist on the experiment. Wavelength (λ) is dependent on the frequency of the wave.

The distance between slits (d) is kept constant throughout the experiment.

Make a to-do-list

A to-do list enumerates all the activities anticipated to be done while preparing and undertaking the experiment. The first is to get a space in the laboratory. It is important to prepare well for every experiment to maximize time and efficiency during the experiment. Scheduling the experiment is important in time management of the experiment. Ensure that all the required apparatus are available and in good condition viable for the experiment. Arrange the table as early as possible ready for the experiment. Ensure that safety precautions are followed before and during the experiment.

Expected Results/hypothesis

Wavelength is measured using the frequency of the light. The experiment involve the use if diffraction grating. The results of the experiment depend on the emitted frequency. Given the distance of the slits (d), the velocity of the wavelength (ν) and the emitted frequency (c), the wavelength is obtained from the equation:

=

=

The frequency is given by distance between the diffraction grating and the white light while sin A represents the velocity.

Equipment and materials needed

Apparatus for the experiment should be viable to obtain good results. The experiment entails measurement of wavelength using the diffraction grating.

Apparatus

• Diffraction grating (300 lines mm^-1is recommended)
• 2 meter rules
• Desk Lamp (12 V and 36 W)
• Filter (green)
• Low voltage power supply
• Single slits slides (0.02, 0.04, 0.08 and 0.16 mm)

Safety considerations

Laboratory rules and regulations must be followed when carrying out the experiment. Safety and health precautions should be considered for effectiveness of the experiment.

. Laboratory safety rules and regulation include:   

• Follow the instruction keenly 
• Put a distance of about 2m from another person 
• Put on the right lab attire 
• Know the location of safety equipment
• never eat or drink in the lab
• do not taste or sniff chemicals 

Method

The procedure for conducting the experiment includes the following;

1. Set the desk lamp (12V + 2V) then place the green filter in front of the light.
2. Hold one ruler in front of the lap straight and place near your eye. Then hold the diffraction grating against the meter rule near end then stare at the lamp.
3. The other ruler should be held at 90against the other meter rule on the other end. Along this meter rule, one should move a pencil until it is visible on the green spectrum (filter).
4. Record the distance between the first ruler and where the pencil is placed and assign,
5. Divide the recorded distance x with the length of the ruler (100cm) to give.  is the angle between the green light to the spectrum and the white light.

Measurements/Observations to be made

The observer should see the green light in order to record the distance of the diffraction. The distance between the ruler to the white light and the green light marked by the pencil and denote with x. The results from the procedure are now used to calculate the wavelength from the formula.

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