CRIM2020 Criminal Psychology

Question 1

Criminal psychology entails more than just seeing into the mind of a criminal. Criminal profilers are sometimes forensic psychiatrists, profiler, criminologist, and criminal anthropologists who use a combination of crime-scene investigation, investigative psychology, as well as other behavioural disciplines to find potential suspects..

Offender psychology research may aid in the identification of suspects, helping authorities to avoid future crime or apprehend a serial criminal. On a bigger scale, knowing what drives criminals to violate the law—whether it is poverty, personality, or something else—is critical for establishing the social circumstances required for them to abstain..

A criminal psychologist's role is to investigate offenders' actions and motives. As such, psychologists may undertake research to ascertain why crime happens, work with police agencies to locate suspects, or testify in court proceedings as an expert. Criminal profiling is something that criminal psychologists can do as well. It also has an impact on how the legislation is implemented. In a police job, psychology is also critical..

Another critical function of a criminal psychologist would be to perform enough research and assemble evidence based on available data to substantiate the procedures. They also play a variety of other crucial functions. This entails advising the parole board on the offender's psychological state and providing sound counsel on whether or not to grant parole. Additionally, the criminal psychologist's responsibility is to analyse the crime, which includes the sort of crime most often committed, the cause for the crime's commission, and the offenders' mental state while committing the crime.

Criminal psychologists also play a critical role in analysing criminals, which they accomplish via the use of several psychological tests. Additionally, the results of their psychological testing are presented to the defence/prosecution in order to hold them accountable for their actions and to make them punished..

Criminal psychology research may aid in the identification of suspects, helping authorities to avoid future crime or apprehend a serial criminal and, on a bigger scale, comprehending why criminals violate the law.

Question 2

There are several interpretations of what constitutes a crime. Definitions seem to have changed throughout history and continue to do so now.. Crime is often described as a violation of a law that may result in a legal sanction; yet, crime is difficult to define since if the law or penal system did not exist then, it would have been difficult to categorisation of behaviour or act, as criminal or not.

Additionally, crime is defined as a transgression of moral principles, whereas social damage is defined as behaviour and activities that violate the rules of society and cultural standards but do not violate the provisions of the law. People's ideas on the deviation of a crime vary, and shifts in social and environmental aspects influence people's perspectives on what they classify as deviant, Although the majority of people condemn murder, rape, and theft, the normative description is what society considers to be a crime, depending on what individuals believe to be morally good and evil..

Each person's perception of crime varies, and factors such as geography, psychology, and economic circumstances may impact this perception. One individual may believe abortion is okay, while another may believe it is murder and a criminal act, despite the fact that it is not unlawful in various nations. The severity of a crime's punishment varies based on the nature of the offence, with a maximum as well as the minimum term being imposed, as well as fines, community service, and/or a prohibition in less dangerous offences. Crime as social damage is defined as behaviour that produces some form of damage, although people's perspectives on the severity of crimes vary..

Question 3

Euthanasia, sometimes known as mercy killing, is indeed a historical and present issue in medical, law, ethics, as well as religion, as seen by the plethora of interconnected notions and diverse legal remedies to that issue found everywhere. Euthanasia is the purposeful taking of someone's life, often to alleviate suffering. Doctors sometimes conduct Euthanasia on the request of persons who are suffering from a severe illness and are in excruciating agony. It is a lengthy procedure that requires careful consideration of several elements. Local regulations, an individual's physical and mental condition, as well as their own views and desires, all factor into the equation.

Why Crime?

Euthanasia is legal in a variety of circumstances. The most critical of these is the patient's health status. If the patient's health continues to deteriorate and there are no odds of life, the law authorises Euthanasia. However, this allows a large amount of grey space in the application of legal rules, and as a result, many people utilise this strategy to exact vengeance or murder someone without engaging in any illegal behaviour. As a result, in such a situation, many believe it to be a crime.

Argument in Favour

However, there are some strong supporters of Euthanasia who believe that the right to life granted to an individual also includes the right to live with dignity. In this context, there is a need for the individual who is in a vegetative stage to be relieved of the pain that he is experiencing daily, and so many others believe that Euthanasia is not a crime.

I have taken a two-pronged approach in analysing Euthanasia; I feel both proponents and detractors are justified in their perspectives, and so it is both legal and unlawful. However, the legitimacy of Euthanasia must be determined by the law, and the courts should take a tighter approach to the execution of Euthanasia since this will prevent many offenders from exploiting the grey area.

Bibliography

Articles/Books/Reports

Knepper, Paul, Jonathan Doak and Joanna Shapland, Urban Crime Prevention, Surveillance, And Restorative Justice (CRC Press, 2009)

Lanier, Mark, Stuart Henry and Desiré J. M Anastasia, Essential Criminology (Routledge, 2019)

Mazerolle, Paul and Tara Renae McGee, Developmental And Life-Course Criminological Theories (Routledge, 2015)

Michalowski, Raymond J., "What Is Crime?" (2015) 24(2) Critical Criminology

Scott, John and Russell Hogg, "Strange And Stranger Ruralities: Social Constructions Of Rural Crime In Australia" (2015) 39 Journal of Rural Studies

Others

APS, "Forensic Psychologists | APS", Psychology.Org.Au (Webpage, 2021) https://www.psychology.org.au/for-the-public/about-psychology/types-of-psychologists/Forensic-psychology

Cherry, Kendra, "What Criminal Psychologists Really Do", Verywell Mind (Webpage, 2021) https://www.verywellmind.com/criminal-psychologist-a-career-profile-2795649

Cooke, Richard, "Criminal Psychology: Things To Know", Seven Resourcing (Webpage, 2021) https://www.seven-resourcing.com/criminal-justice/news/a-career-in-criminal-psychology/

Holland, Kimberly, "What Is Euthanasia? Types, Legal Status, Facts, Controversy, And", Healthline (Webpage, 2019) https://www.healthline.com/health/what-is-euthanasia

Psychology Today, "Law And Crime", Psychology Today (Webpage, 2021) <https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/basics/law-and-crime>

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