PSY390 Research Methods

Introduction

Most of the scientist believes that mental health benefits are highly associated with the adoption process (Wünderlich et al., 2021). Animals play the simply control in terms of dealing with an exciter stress and depression. Animals are also influenced shell in terms of reducing the loneliness. In the current scenario animal adoption has become quite necessary because it can help in reducing the euthanized animal rate. It has been found that the online and offline animal sales ratio is negatively driving the psychological aspect of the society. In the pet market the animals are being staged for the longer period and due to lack of proper food and treatment, it is negatively driving their mental health (Whyke & López-Múgica, 2020). It is true that increasing numbers of animal rights groups have initiated campaigns for encouraging more towards pet adoption however it is true that still due to some different perspective among the larger group of people large numbers of animals are being sold and forcefully breeding in the pet market is driving the wellbeing. Due to lack of attention towards the animal health it is not only driving the animal will being but also it is creating in balance between environment and animals (Bernete Perdomo, Araña Padilla & Dewitte, 2021).

After the involvement of non Government and government organizations for enhancing the knowledge and perspective of people towards pet adoption, some of the societal area has got improved. However, the growth is very slow and due to the slower growth towards animal adoption the cruelty rate of animal is still in the concerning position. Therefore the investigation needs to be conducted for analyzing the phenomenon of pet adoption within the context of Singapore by analyzing the psychological perspective of the people in that area. In this analysis different theoretical perspective associated with the psychological aspect of human can be analyzed in order to create a clear and concise research paper

It has been found that the pet industry is experiencing the explosive growth (Cliceri, et al., 2018). In the analysis conducted by the American pet products association it has been found that almost 85 million households have pet and the growth has increased over the last 30 years (Forbes.com, 2021). Due to the technological advancement in most of the cases online purchasing of pet has become quite popular. On the other hand it is true that growing changes in societal culture it is driving the psychological perspective of people. It has been found that the pet owning as well as pet loving lifestyle is quite prominent among the generation Z and millennial. Analyzing the emerging trend in Pet industry it has been found that all was 32% of the baby boomers are the pet owners.

Adnan  et al., (2019) opined that Analyzing the adults’ psychology it has been found that in most of the cases the younger generation prefers for buying pets rather than adopting. It has been found that the people who belong under the age group of 18 to 34 prefer purchasing paint from the breeders or store rather than considering adoption (Forbes.com, 2021). In some of the cases it has been found that people have various perceptions regarding the pets available in the animal rescue centers. People believe the animals are less desirable those are being collected from the rescue centers. There are some stereotypes on the mind of younger generation regarding the pet adoption process from shelters. It has been found that people have perception on their mind regarding their pets. In that case they become quite choosy while selecting the pet (Bernete Perdomo, Araña Padilla & Dewitte , 2021).

It has been found that some of the people believe that the pets those are being adopted carry germs and disease (Whyke & López-Múgica, 2020). In most of the cases it has been found that due to huge difference between ideal images of pet; with the pets available in adoption centre people avoid choosing pets from the adoption centers (Veterinarypracticenews.com, 2021). It is true that in the current business environment due to availability of various options in the market people become very selective while investing in any product and service. The similar behavioral approach gets reflected while choosing pets from the adoption centre.

Purpose And Hypothesis

In the analysis of above literature review section it has been found that lack of interest among people towards adopting pet has become a critical concern in the society. Most of the researchers have highlighted the significance of Pet adoption instead of buying animals however none of the researchers have highlighted the psychological perspective associated with the pet adoption process. Therefore the investigation will concentrate towards analyzing the psychological perspective of people while bringing pet in their home. The analysis will specifically concentrate on the people in Singapore, where the pet purchasing ratio will be compared with the pet adoption ratio. In the continuation of this investigation the recommendation will be provided that can increase the pet adoption ratio among the people in Singapore in terms of reducing animal cruelty in pet market.

Methodology And Methods 

Research Philosophy

The research philosophy combines the set of belief of the researcher. It helps in representing the psychological perspective of the researcher by combining with the values. Positivism, interpretivism and realism are the three types of research philosophies. Positivism research philosophy concentrates towards utilizing the science based evidences in terms of representing the logical flow in the research paper (Clandinin Cave & Berendonk, 2017). The interpretivism research philosophy represents the principles those are associated with the specific role of performance. The realism research philosophy reflects the independent idea of human being.

Justification Of Chosen Research Philosophy 

In this research paper the positivism research philosophy will be selected because the philosophy can help in understanding the social world in an objective way. The particular research philosophy can contribute in utilizing various research methods for analyzing the research issue in scientific manner.

Research Design

Research Design combines the search technique and methods selected by the researcher. It helps in designing the overall strategy by utilizing different components. The descriptive research design helps in ensuring the accuracy and systematic explanation (Clandinin Cave & Berendonk, 2017). The explanatory research design is being conducted for understanding the demand priorities that can generate the operational definitions. The exploratory Research Design utilizes the past data and it develops the research in the unstructured manner.

Justification Of Chosen Research Design

The descriptive research design will be utilized in this particular research paper as it will contribute in analyzing the research topic and associated psychological theories in more detailed manner.

Research Approach

The research approach is being defined as the process pure for the research where combining different steps from broad assumption that describes the detailed method of data Collection, analysis and interpretation (Cuervo‐Cazurra et al., 2017). The deductive research approach is typically associated with the scientific evidences. In this particular research approach, utilizing the existing theories and models the hypothesis is being tested. In case of inductive research approach depending on the observation and self analysis the researcher develops the new analytical framework.

Justification Of Chosen Research Approach

The deductive research approach can be utilized in the particular research paper because here the theory those are associated with the psychological perspective and behavioral perspective of the people can be explained in terms of addressing the research query.

Data Sources And Analysis

 Primary and secondary are the two types of data sources source are being utilized by the researchers while developing an academic research paper. The primary information are directly being collected from the field of research (Clandinin Cave & Berendonk, 2017). In case of secondary information the researcher collects the knowledge from already published sources. Survey and interview other two types of Data Collection sources, those are being used while collecting the information from primary sources. On the other hand in case of secondary sources the peer-reviewed journals, articles, books, magazines, websites and blogs are being used by the researcher. The research will be conducted using primary and secondary sources. As the particular research paper has concentrated towards analyzing the psychological perspective associated with the people in Singapore towards pet adoption, in that case interview will be conducted on the people, in the age group between 18 to 34 years. Total numbers of 10 participants will be selected for conducting the interview. In case of secondary information understanding the theoretical aspects associated with the psychological perspective and behavioral aspect of the people the Peer reviewed journals, articles, books and websites will be used.

The qualitative data analysis technique will be followed while representing the information collected from interview. In case of secondary sources the qualitative analysis technique will be appropriate. The collected information will be represented by using the content analysis technique.

Ethical Consideration 

Ethical protocol is highly associated with the authenticity of the research paper (Bresler & Stake, 2017). In terms of ensuring the authenticity only the Peer reviewed journals and articles will be collected and the information those will be used in the research paper needs to be properly in texted. In case of primary sources the consent form will be shared for getting the approval from the participants. The researchers will not show biased behavior towards any of the participants and following the standard regulation of data Protection Act 1996, the authenticity of the paper will be maintained.

Reference:

Adnan, N., Nordin, S. M., Bahruddin, M. A., & Tareq, A. H. (2019). A state-of-the-art review on facilitating sustainable agriculture through green fertilizer technology adoption: Assessing farmers behavior. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 86, 439-452.

Bernete Perdomo, E., Araña Padilla, J. E., & Dewitte, S. (2021). Amelioration of Pet Overpopulation and Abandonment Using Control of Breeding and Sale, and Compulsory Owner Liability Insurance. Animals, 11(2), 524.

Bresler & Stake, R.E., (2017). Qualitative research methodology in music education. In Critical Essays in Music Education (pp. 113-128). Routledge.

Clandinin, D.J., Cave, M.T. & Berendonk, C., (2017). Narrative inquiry: a relational research methodology for medical education. Medical Education, 51(1), pp.89-96.

Cliceri, D., Spinelli, S., Dinnella, C., Prescott, J., & Monteleone, E. (2018). The influence of psychological traits, beliefs and taste responsiveness on implicit attitudes toward plant-and animal-based dishes among vegetarians, flexitarians and omnivores. Food Quality and Preference, 68, 276-291.

Cuervo‐Cazurra, A., Mudambi, R., Pedersen, T. &   Piscitello, L.,(2017). Research methodology in global strategy research. Global Strategy Journal, 7(3), pp.233-240.

Daniel, B.K. & Harland, T., (2017). Higher education research methodology: A step-by-step guide to the research process. Routledge.

Forbes.com (2021). Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/richardkestenbaum/2018/11/27/the-biggest-trends-in-the-pet-industry/ [Accessed on 8^th March, 2021]

Matijczak, A., McDonald, S. E., O’Connor, K. E., George, N., Tomlinson, C. A., Murphy, J. L., ... & Williams, J. H. (2020). Do animal Cruelty Exposure and Positive Engagement with Pets Moderate Associations Between Children’s Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Externalizing Behavior Problems?. Child and adolescent social work journal, 37(6), 601-613.

Veterinarypracticenews.com (2021). Retrieved from: https://www.veterinarypracticenews.com/nearly-half-of-young-adults-prefer-to-buy-pet-rather-than-adopt/ [Accessed on 8^th March, 2021]

Whyke, T. W., & López-Múgica, J. (2020). Content and Discourse Analysis of Cruelty towards Stray Dogs as Presented in Chinese Social Media. Society & Animals, 1(aop), 1-20.

Wünderlich, N. V., Mosteller, J., Beverland, M. B., Downey, H., Kraus, K., Lin, M. H., & Syrjälä, H. (2021). Animals in our Lives: An Interactive Well-Being Perspective. Journal of Macromarketing, 0276146720984815.

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