CCJS340 Law Enforcement Admin

Question 1

Intelligence-led policing developed in the 1990s in the United States of America as the first law enforcement system which later gained popularity after the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 (9/11 attacks). This model is an advanced data analytics system that involves the community and also collaborates with other enforcement agencies and organizations.  It is a new philosophy or policy that encourages collaborative, partnership-based effort between police and community to prevent crimes as police alone cannot provide public safety.  In experience-based training police officer reflects dissonance between the police authorities, as there is a use of lethal force by police to make an arrest and fight crimes, which is a violation of civil rights of a person apart from that it is more unorganized and less systematic (Burcher & whelan , 2019). Intelligence-led policing focuses primarily on organizing crimes, searching for the best evidence, discrediting investigative strategies that place reliance upon suspect confessions, and the use of advanced information technologies. This model engages surveillance tactics which continuously monitors criminal activities, it monitors suspected criminal thus reducing their chances of committing further crimes. This flows from low rank officers towards the top most organs of decision making of security agency, this model is based on four distinctive elements like use of covert and overt crime detection methodologies for targeting the criminals. Through this model police identifies and safeguards probable hot spots hence manages crime and criminal activities. Analysing crime related incidents by applying investigation elements, lastly applies preventive measures to curtail crime (Carter & Phillips, 2013)           

Question 2

Since police officials are backbone to reduce terrorism and crime in the society, they have to   follow certain protocols and technological strategies like intelligence led policing for this Police officer are divided into categories of police unit, communication unit, bike unit and special units which handles and provides services to people. They have to act on the information gathered and to disseminate the same to the appropriate agencies handling the data analysis under ILP (Carter & Fox, 2019).  Field Service comprised of patrolling operations, security operations, community services and investigation, where police officers act in a more proactive manner in accessing the risk for preventing the crime by collaborating with the community members and other law enforcement agencies and deliberately arresting the criminals. Police officers are duty bound to visit the field regularly for crime investigation and general inspection, they have to locate the hot crime spots with the use of data or intelligence provided by the authorities through effective communication and initiate a crime preventive exercise by effective resources (Maillard, 2020)

California Criminal Activity: data analysis done to identify the theft related crime, historical data used with predictive policing solution, then by applying algorithm Maps were used by officials to locate the crime hot spots this exercise helped identifying high risk locations for future thefts. The police officials were deployed to arrests the suspects loitering in parking structures around cars. This thus, helped in preventing crime before actual occurrence. (Browning & Arrigo, 2020) 

References

Browning, M., & Arrigo, B. (2020, 7 28). Stop and Risk: Policing, Data, and the Digital Age of Discrimination. Americal Journal of criminal Justice, 46(2), 298-316.

Burcher, M., & whelan , C. (2019). Intelligence-Led Policing in Practice: Reflections From Intelligence Analysts. Police Quarterly, 22(2), 139-160.

Carter, J. G., & Fox, B. (2019). Community policing and intelligence-led policing: An examination of convergent or discriminant validity. Policing:An International Journal, 42(1), 43-58.

Carter, J. G., & Phillips, S. W. (2013, 9 11). Intelligence-led policing and forces of organisational change in the USA. Policing and Society, 31(8), 333-357.

Maillard, c. D. (2020). Policing in France . Abingdon-on-thames : Taylor & Francis.

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