NUR244 Concepts of Nursing 2 Research and Professional Responsibilities

Chronic diseases remain to be the most threatening illnesses. A chronic condition is described as any disease or human health condition that may persist and has long-lasting impacts on the body. There is a different type of chronic illnesses. Some of these conditions include asthma, cancer, arthritis, and other viral-related conditions, for example, hepatitis. 

According to various sources, chronic conditions describe multiple types of health-related aspects incurred in the human body. These include disabilities, syndromes, and physical impairments. Epidemiologists have outlined the chronic conditions contributing to other deadly illnesses and decreasing the mental capacity of human beings.

 

What is the impact of chronic diseases on the health-related quality of life?

 

Various sources have outlined multiple findings showing how chronic conditions have deteriorated the health of patients (Sokas et al 2021 p.18). 

 

Some of the diseases have been discussed as outlined;

 

Effects of depression. 

 

Depression is one of the common health complications deteriorating the life of many patients. The illness is described as a disabling disorder that affects not only social and physical function but also the psychological system of human beings. It is outlined that two-thirds of the patients admitted to the hospital have depression signs and symptoms. The fact is that more than 300 000 people die yearly as a result of depression (Schmidt, H., 2016 p.69). 

 

The whole issue is that depression makes the body prone to other illnesses affecting the lives of many patients. According to (Cockerham et al 2017 p.45) depression triggers other chronic illnesses such as hypertension. The issue is that depression affects both the mental and physical health status of the patients.

Diabetes is associated with multiple complications in the human body. The disorders contribute to kidney damage. According to Milani et al (2017 p.34), diabetes interferes with the function of the kidney in the body. If a patient is diagnosed with diabetes, it shows that doctors have to inspect nephropathy to prevent kidney failure. 

Additionally, it has been outlined that diabetes interferes with the circulatory system. The fact is that once a patient is diagnosed with diabetes, the body is prone to high blood pressure, which results in much strain on the heart (Mackey et al 2016 p.61).

 

Mcleod et al (2019 p.121)shows that diabetes doubles the risk of stroke and the issue of health attack. Lastly, diabetes interferes with quality of life by destroying the integumentary system.  Schmidt (2016 p.56) cites that diabetes affects the skin that is being identified as the most significant organ crucial in the body. Increased levels of blood sugar lead to dehydration of the skin.

Cancer remains to be a deadly disease that is killing more than 500,000 people globally. The condition is associated with adverse effects that lead to a shortage. One of the expected impacts of this disorder in the body is chemical changes in the human body (Bardhan et al 2020 p.52) 

 

Cancer interferes with normal chemical equilibrium in the body, making the body prone to other fatal complications. Some of the chemical modifications incurred by patients diagnosed with cancer include frequent urination and excessive thirst (Bardhan et al 2020 p.112).

 

Also, Zeng et al (2017 p.230) argues that cancer interferes with various body systems such as the nervous system. The point of argument is that cancer presses nearby nerves, leading to pain and loss of function of different parts of the body. Most of cancer that targets the brain might lead to other complications such as headaches and stroke-like conditions such as feeling weak all the time.

What is the role of registered nurses in the management of chronic disorders? 

Patient education 

According to  Bardhan et al (2020 p.190), patient education remains to be the significant role played by nurses in the management of chronic illnesses.

There is no immediate strategy to fix them in most chronic illnesses such as diabetes, depression, and cancer. This shows that these diseases require sustained treatment that should be provided over time. 

Patients need multiple checkups to manage the adverse impacts of these diseases. For instance, those patients who have been diagnosed with diseases such as diabetes need adequate knowledge to handle the administration of insulin in the body. 

It is the role of the registered nurses to advocate for the appropriate measures for the management of chronic conditions in the body. Chronic conditions remain to be complicated conditions that need robust directions that the patients should follow.

 

The fact is that nurses have to offer precise and correct descriptions that all patients can understand. For example, most of the chronic conditions need medical prescriptions, and it is the role of the medical experts to offer appropriate directions.

How to prevent chronic illnesses? 

 

Emphasizing on self-care

 

Nurses have to be on the frontline controlling the issue of chronic conditions.

 

Nurses have to focus on the issue of self-care to enhance the experience wellness and longevity of patients' lives. Different sources have argued that chronic illnesses cannot be controlled if nurses fail to master the appropriate actions suitable for managing these diseases (Zeng et al 2017 p.87). 

 

The point of argument is that self-care discussed here will aid in reminding both patients and nurses on the importance of managing these conditions. Besides, by emphasizing the subject of healthcare, it becomes easy to enhance equality in healthcare.

 

Most of chronic diseases are caused by modifiable factors. According to Houben et al (2017 p.54) aspects such as smoking, eating unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity leads to chronic disorders. 

 

The whole issue is that chronic conditions occur due to inactivity, thus making the body prone to these illnesses. For instance, lack of exercise contributes to the issue of obesity. 

 

Moreover, increased tobacco use is associated with a couple of chronic conditions. Hypertension, stroke, and other mental health-related conditions are associated with the subject of smoking (Sokas et al 2021 p.101).

Sedentary lifestyles remain to be a significant element contributing to the spread of chronic disorders. The issue of lifestyle disease is attributed to health-damaging choices made by humans in the daily lives. 

 

Bardhan et al (2020 p.122) shows that lifestyles are the fundamental cause of these chronic conditions in the body. The whole issue is that behaviors such as increased alcohol intake, increased intake of diets with high calories, and other sedentary lifestyles are the primary cause of chronic disorders. 

 

For all individuals to conquer these behaviors, they have to develop appropriate health preventing strategies suitable to deter chronic illnesses. It is the best time to consider the importance of diets in the body, balancing between exercises and diets.

In summary, chronic disorders remain to be the major factors contributing to patient deterioration. People diagnosed with these disorders incur health related damages that culminate to death. 

 

Depression continues to interfere with humans' quality of life. Mental health challenges have also been linked with multiple complications in human beings. 

 

Besides, cancer and diabetes have caused increased mortalities globally. Chronic illnesses remain to be the most powerful enemy claiming millions of innocent lives.

Allegrante, J.P., Wells, M.T. and Peterson, J.C., 2019. Interventions to support behavioral self-management of chronic diseases. Annual review of public health, 40, pp.127-146.

 

Bardhan, I., Chen, H. and Karahanna, E., 2020. Connecting systems, data, and people: A multidisciplinary research roadmap for chronic disease management. MIS Quarterly, 44(1), pp.185-200.

 

Chaturvedi, S. and DeBaun, M.R., 2016. Evolution of sickle cell disease from a life‐threatening disease of children to a chronic disease of adults: The last 40 years. American Journal of Hematology, 91(1), pp.5-14.

 

Cockerham, W.C., Hamby, B.W. and Oates, G.R., 2017. The social determinants of chronic disease. American journal of preventive medicine, 52(1), pp.S5-S12.

 

Houben, A.J., Martens, R.J. and Stehouwer, C.D., 2017. Assessing microvascular function in humans from a chronic disease perspective. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 28(12), pp.3461-3472.

 

Mackey, L.M., Doody, C., Werner, E.L. and Fullen, B., 2016. Self-management skills in chronic disease management: what role does health literacy have?. Medical Decision Making, 36(6), pp.741-759.

 

Mcleod, J.C., Stokes, T. and Phillips, S.M., 2019. Resistance exercise training as a primary countermeasure to age-related chronic disease. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, p.645.

 

Milani, R.V., Bober, R.M. and Lavie, C.J., 2016. The role of technology in chronic disease care. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 58(6), pp.579-583.

 

Park, K.C., Gaze, D.C., Collinson, P.O. and Marber, M.S., 2017. Cardiac troponins: from myocardial infarction to chronic disease. Cardiovascular research, 113(14), pp.1708-1718.

 

Schmidt, H., 2016. Chronic disease prevention and health promotion. Public health ethics: Cases spanning the globe, pp.137-176.

 

Sokas, C., Herrera-Escobar, J.P., Klepp, T., Stanek, E., Kaafarani, H., Salim, A., Nehra, D. and Cooper, Z., 2021. Impact of chronic illness on functional outcomes and quality of life among injured older adults. Injury.

 

Zeng, Y., Li, Y., Yang, J., Pu, X., Du, J., Yang, X., Yang, T. and Yang, S., 2017. Therapeutic role of functional components in alliums for preventive chronic disease in human being. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2017.

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