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CRKC7001
UK
University of Cumbria
This report comprises an inclusive assessment of Nigeria Agri Business Group (NABG) which is is an organized private sector platform functioning to progress Nigeria’s agricultural economy, forming jobs and lifting several out of poverty. The investments of the company are cut cross the inclusive value chain from input to output markets, export markets, equipment and customer foods manufacturing. The company pursues to engross government at all levels in fixing policy directions and supervisory reforms to empower sustainable inclusive socio-economic progress. The company assists to make sure that food security and nutrition, forming efficient linkages between small, medium and large agribusiness enterprises. NABG is functioning together as stakeholders in agriculture to expand the economy of Nigeria away from oil and gas towards agricultural industrialization. The company has recognized its role as the engine of economic progress with government forming the empowering environment for agribusiness to prospect.
The report includes the McKinsey 7s framework to evaluate performance of company. The balanced scorecard has been also stated in the report to frame a unified strategy. The report also describes SWOT analysis to construct a sustainable competitive advantage in the market. Further, PESTLE analysis has been also stated comprising political factors, economic factors, social factors, technological factors, legal factors and environmental factors. Finally, the recommendations for change have been described stating the purpose to change.
The McKinsey 7s model has been used by NABG to evaluate performance. The McKinsey 7s model recognizes Severn major elements for the company are required to be concentrated and united for the effective change management procedures and for consistent performance improvements. The 7 elements can be classified as being hard or soft in nature. The hard elements identified are strategy, structure and systems whereas soft elements identified are shared values, skills, style and staff. NABG makes use of McKinsey 7s model to consistently improve its performance and execute effective change management procedures. The company concentrates on the 7 fundamentals recognized in the model to make sure that its performance levels are regularly sustained and enhanced for the offerings.
Hard elements: The basics of the McKinsey 7 s model include of strategy, structure and systems. The hard elements are easier to recognize, more tangible in nature and straight regulated and stimulated through the leadership and administration of the establishment (Razmi, Mehrvar and Hassani, 2020).
Strategy: The strategy direction and the entire business strategy for NABG are precisely described and interacted to all the personnel and stakeholders. It assists the company to sustain performance, lead actions and develop several approaches that are aligned with the business strategy. The strategic direction for the company is also significant in assisting the business guide personnel and stakeholder behaviour towards the feat of goals. The SMART goals are enabled with short- and long-term limits as per the business strategy. The global strategy of NABG also undertakes competitive pressures and activities of rivalries. The strategy guides such competitive strains by suggestive measures and actions to guide rivalry by strategic tactics and activities that make sure sustainability.
Structure: NABG has a flatter organizational hierarchy that is assisted by learning and progressive establishments. With the lesser managerial levels and senior leadership, the personnel feel safer and more assured. The flatter hierarchy also enables quicker decision-making procedures for the company and progressed organizational commitment in the personnel (Zincir and Tunç, 2017). There is also inter departmental harmonization. The company has high integration between several departments. The departments of the organization generally create inter-department teams for developments and tasks that necessitate several expertise. The company even inspires teamwork and team-oriented tasks. The teams at the organization are helpful of all persons and functions in sync with the synergy towards attaining the wide term objectives and aims under the global designed strategy and values. NABG has a hybrid structure between centralization and decentralization. Just like several progressive establishments, NABG greatly assists decentralized decision making. The communication frameworks at the company improve the entire organizational structure. The organized, described and systematized communication enables an easy flow of information and makes sure that no organizational tasks and aims are cooperated due to dearth of interaction or miscomprehensions.
Systems: NABG has described and well-demarcate frameworks to make sure that the business functions are organized successfully and there are no disputes. The frameworks at the company are greatly departmental in nature and comprising finance, marketing, human resource management, sales, operations, supply chain management and strategic leadership. The stated and delineated frameworks at the organization are precisely designed apparatuses and approaches as regulations for assessing performance and goal achievement (Abidin et al. 2020).
Soft elements: The soft elements are less tangible in nature and are more stimulated through the organizational culture. This way, the management does not have straight impact or regulation over them.
Shared values: The shared values comprise of core values, corporate culture and task alignment with values. The core values of the company are described and interacted to raise a creative and assistive organizational culture that enables personnel to perform optimally and improve their inspiration and assistive organizational pledge. The core values of the company include of ingenuity, honesty, transparency, liability, trust, quality and heritage. The company inspires a comprehensive culture that rejoices diversity. The corporate culture at the company also inspires innovation and ingenuity by enabling reliance for the progress to persons and teams.
Style: NABG is having a participative leadership style. Through this leadership style, the company is able to engross and indulge its personnel in decision-making procedures and managerial actions. It also empowers the leadership to consistently communicate with the personnel and several managerial clusters to recognize any latent battles for resolution and for feedback concerning strategic approaches and operations. The participative leadership style is greatly influential in attaining the business aims and vision of the establishment. The personnel feel to be energetic persons who are worth for their suggestions, feedback and input. Due to organization’s assistive and inspiring organizational culture, NABG offers means to internal association and collaboration between personnel, frameworks, teams and departments (Abidin et al. 2020).
Staff: NABG is having an appropriate number of personnel employed across its international operations. The personnel for the several job roles and positions are hired inside and outwardly relying on the urgency and the skill levels necessitated. Relied on this, company is having personnel who are expertise according to the requirements of job roles and positions. Moreover, the company has employed a great number of personnel. NABG is also having a well described framework for recognizing latent requirements for capabilities and competencies for the establishment. The human resource function of the company has a well framed procedure that aligns all other departments to recognize latent vacancies (Mukhamad et al. 2020).
Skills: There are employment skills, skill management and competitive advantage of the organization. NABG is having an admirable employee with the high expertise and capabilities. All the personnel are recruited relied on their merit and qualifications. The company describes task and job errands to the employees as per the requirement. The company even makes sure that all of its job requirements are encountered and personnel have the appropriate expertise to perform respective jobs. The company pays precise courtesy to improving the skills and capabilities of personnel. The organization arrange consistent training and the workshops. Both personal and professional growth are concentrated for the employees and work (Bismark et al. 2018).
Balanced scorecard approach is greatly effectual strategic tool to frame a unified strategy. Balanced scorecard approach concentrates on inclusive metrics than just local optimization in several spheres like operations, financials, internal procedures and customer’s requirements. Balanced scorecard has a great role in measures that empower performance. Balanced scorecard approach also offers a base to construct a metrics agenda that is allied and reliable. The Balanced scorecard approach is a united tactic to evaluate performance of business strategy and the ways variations can be enabled in the areas like customer partialities and choice architecture, financial objectives and aims, operations management and supply chain blockage determinations and organizations learning capability and capacity constructing Balanced scorecard approach is a resource based strategic assessment tool. The leaders at NABG can usage Balanced scorecard approach to construct a sustainable competitive advantage through better comprehending the association among internal procedures, financial procedures, customer partialities and operations management in the inclusive strategy of NABG (Sardjono, Selviyanti and Perdana, 2020).
The organizations usually flop at executing a strategy or sustaining operations as they lack an all-embracing management framework to incorporate and align such critical procedures. The Balanced scorecard approach assessment of NABG is an inclusive effort to inspirate and align strategy and operations. The Balanced scorecard approach assessment can assist NABG’s managers in comprehending the association between activities and take the framework approach than the local optimization tactic. It is a wide analysis and not all the factors are pertinent to the organization specific. In the case of NABG, 85% of executive teams spent less than one hour per month deliberating strategy with 50% reporting that they spent virtually no time on strategy deliberations. The balanced scorecards assist NABG to interpret, interact and measure its approaches. The company is generally asked questions through Balanced scorecard approach assessment have been:
The Balanced scorecard approach is relied on the nature, size of organization and industry it functions in. Widely, there are 4 major components (Harihayati et al. 2018). Such four perspectives of Balanced scorecard have been:
NABG has attained advantage from Balanced scorecard approach as it offers senior executives and leaders with an agenda that they can usage to advance a holistic strategy than just enhancing just one part of the organization. The Balanced scorecard enables managers to view at the business 4 diverse viewpoints. The Balanced scorecard approach also secondly individuals lower down in the establishment are more anticipated to be assessed through non-financial metrics so Balanced scorecard approach offers a decent context to be assessed through the non-financial metrics so Balanced scorecard approach offers a decent context to not just comprise their efforts in inclusive strategy but also to interact to them the ways their efforts is devoting to the entire strategy and effectiveness of NABG (Boudlaie et al. 2020).
The customer viewpoint metrics that are used in the Balanced scorecard approach have been:
The internal procedure viewpoints to be deliberated in Balanced scorecard approach have been:
The Balanced scorecard approach to human resources in the case of NABG have been stated below:
The strengths of NABG are its capabilities and resources that can be used to leverage to construct a sustainable competitive advantage in the market. The strengths come from the optimistic facets of major resources and capabilities such as financial resources, activities and procedures, past experiences and effectiveness, human resources and physical resource lime land and building.
Success goes to market track record: NABG is having a successful track record of launching new products in the local market and caters to the several markets relied on the perceptions from local customers. The company has verified several notions in diverse markets and come up with the effective sales and marketing solutions.
Handling rules and business environment: NABG functions in an atmosphere where it encounters several rules and government commands. In the scenario of globalization, growth strategy, supply chain areas, the company requires to steer environment through constructing robust association with lobby clusters and political framework (Uddin, Hossain and Dhar, 2019).
Superior product and service quality: The products and services quality can assist NABG to further progress its market share as present customers are tremendously faithful to it. There are sufficient indications that with such a high quality of products and services, NABG can contend with other international players in global market.
Robust association with the existing suppliers: As an obligatory in the industry, NABG has robust association with its suppliers and other persons of the supply chain. The company can progress products and services through leveraging the expertise of its dealers and supply chain associates.
Assorted product portfolio of company: The products and brand collection of NABG is empowering it to target several sectors in the domestic market at the same movement. It has empowered the company to construct different revenue source and profit mix.
First mover advantage: NABG has attained first mover benefit in the several segments. The company has trialed in several areas such as globalization, growth strategy, recession and supply chain. The sales and marketing solutions and strategies has assisted company in coming up with the exclusive solution to tap the un-catered markets.
High margins: The company charges a premium as compared to the rivalries. The resources of the company are sufficient enough to manage competitive pressure with the capitalization into research and development (Shafieyan, Homayounfar and Fadaei, 2017).
The weaknesses are the areas, competencies or expertise in which NABG lacks. It restrains the capability of the organization to construct a sustainable competitive advantage. The weaknesses are realised from lack of key resources and capabilities.
Customer dissatisfaction: Even after the demand for products have not gone down but there is a festering sense of dissatisfaction among the customers of NABG. It is signified on the evaluations on the several on-line platforms. NABG must concentrate on areas where it can enhance the customer purchase and post purchase involvement.
Project management too concentrated on internal delivery: The project management is too concentrated on internal delivery than deliberating all the interests of outward stakeholders. Such strategy can cause to poor public relation and customer repercussion.
Track record on environment consideration: The track record on environment is not quite inspiring. NABG track record on environmental concern is not quite inspiring. It can cause to customer repercussion as customers are now deliberating environmental defenses as vital to part of conducting business.
Dearth of critical talent: NABG is suffering from dearth of critical talent precisely in the concern of technology and digital revolution. The company is stressed to restructure procedures in the concern of advancements in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning.
Dearth of work force diversity: NABG is not varied enough provided that most of its progress so far is in its domestic market. It can lessen the capability of effectiveness of the company in the global market (Olaoye, Amusa and Adekanye, 2017).
Inventory management: Relied on the details offered in NABG, it has been observed that the company is not successfully sustaining the inventory and cash cycle. There is a great opportunity of enhancement in inventory management.
The opportunities in the case of NABG leverages either to combine prevailing market position or use for further development. The prospects can appear from several factors like economic growth, progress in customer disposable income, technological inventions, variations in customer preferences and political advancements and policy variations.
Lessening cost of market entry and marketing into global markets: The globalization with prosperous in digital marketing and social media has deliberately lessen the menaces of market entry and marketing in global market.
Varying technology landscape: The machine learning and AI is transmuting the technology scene that NABG functions in. The company can use such advancements in enhancing capabilities, lessening costs and transmuting procedures.
Profitable prospects in international markets: The globalization has empowered to prospects in the global market. NABG is in the main position to tap on those prospects and advance the market share. The progress in the global market can also assist the company to expand the risk as it will be less relied on the domestic market for profits (Caldwell and Akintunde, 2020).
Progressing standardization: The company can leverage such trend to lessen the number of offerings in the market and concentrate the marketing efforts on just the most effective products.
Progressing market size and developing preferences of customers: In the last ten years, the market size has progressed at abrupt pace. The arrival of new customers has also caused to progression of customer partialities and tastes. It signifies two challenges to the company such as the ways to sustain loyal customers and the ways to cater to the new customers. The company struggles to differentiate first utilising several brands and then by adding several features relied on customer partialities.
Access to international talent in international market: One of the challenges that company is facing at present is restricted accessibility to high level talent market due to restricted budget. The widening into global market can assist NABG to tap into global talent market. It can even assist in fetching the talent into domestic market and widening into new areas such as growth strategy, globalization, recession and supply chain (Tarnanidis, Vlachopoulou and Papathanasiou, 2017).
The macro environment factors and developments can disrupt business model of NABG. The threats can occur from several factors like variations in consumer preferences, economic progress, political advancements and policy variations, progress in consumer disposable income and technological inventions.
Progressing bargaining power of buyers: Over the years, it has been observed that the bargaining power of customers of NABG has progressed substantially and is putting downside strain on prices. NABG can chase horizontal incorporation to combine and convey capabilities. But it can be a just short-term relief. The company required to make basic changes to business model than the cosmetic changes.
US China trade relations: The company has concentrated on China for its upcoming phase of progress. But there is progressing strain between US China trade associations and it can cause to protectionism, more resistance into global trade, increasing costs in the forms of labor costs and cost of conducting business (Abeysiriwardana and Jayasinghe-Mudalige, 2021).
Government regulations and bureaucracy: The company must keep a close eye on the fast-varying government rules under the increasing strain from protest clusters and non-government establishment precisely concerning to environmental and labor safety facets.
Progressing protectionism: The company must verge the risk against progressing protectionism vacillating from storing data into global market to diversifying risk through functioning into nations at several economic cycle.
Global geo-political factors: The geo-political elements have taken a move from progressing protectionism. The advancements like Russian sanctions, Brexit, foreign exchange crisis and rise in Venezuela, dropping oil prices and more are stimulating global business environment. The company must thoroughly concentrate on such occurrences and make them essential to strategy making.
Progressing costs components for functioning in advanced market because of environmental rules: The company has to manage with such costs as administrations are making efforts to levy higher environmental taxes to endorse cleaner choices. The company may outcome into higher logistic costs and higher packaging costs (Awojobi, Okoro and Babalola, 2020).
Political factors: The political factors play a substantial role in not just investment decision through transnational organizations but also by organizations like NABG’s political factors and other factors not just influence the cost of conducting business but also extended sustainability. The political factors that stimulate company have been:
Prospect of incoming into an armed conflict: From the data attained in the case of NABG, it seems that there is a prospect of nation in going into an armed battle with a neighbouring nation.
Role local governments play: The local governments are greatly influential in the policy making procedure and execution as most of the policies and rules are executed by the local governments as prosecution agencies mostly report to local administration in their own states concerning several laws.
Political governance framework: Relied on the data, it appears that the nation has a stable have a consistent political framework. The company can enable strategies relied on the consistent political environment.
Size of government budgets: Both local governments and national government are driving deficit budgets which is endorsing progress in the short term but can also lead to progress in inflation over the medium term. The pledge rating of national government is investment evaluation.
Evolution of government and variations in policy: There is constancy in policy making from one administration to another. Furthermore, governments from all parties obey to the treaties made by the preceding governments (Anwarudin and Dayat, 2019).
Global trade and other treaties: The nation has a decent record of following to the global treaties it has made with the several international associates. The government of each party has followed to the treaties done by earlier governments, so there is a constancy in rule of law and regulations.
Economic factors: The economic factors influencing NABG have been stated below:
GDP trend and rate of economic growth: The higher GDP growth rare represents increasing demand in the economy. The company can influence such trend through widening its product range and targeting new customers. One approach to start if through thoroughly plotting the changes in consumer purchasing behaviour and evolving value proposition.
Employment rate: In case, the employment rate is high, it stimulates to the strategies of NABG in dual ways such as offering appropriate customers for the company’s products and it will make expensive for the company to hire expert and skilful personnel.
Demand shifts from goods economy to service economy: The fragment of services in the economy is regularly progressing as contradicted to the fragment of manufacturing, goods and agricultural sector (Adepoju and Akinwale, 2019).
Foreign exchange rate: It has been regraded that several companies have suffered losses in the last few years due to forex risk in Brazil, Venezuela and Argentina. NABG must be cautious concerning the history of forex risk before entering in the new market. Several companies have also sustained losses in Mexico in consistent forex crisis in that nation.
Social factors: The social factors like demography trends, power structure in community and more have a vast influence over not just the nation’s economy but also on workforce talent accessibility and level of customer demand.
Attitude towards health and safety: Several cultures in the several parts of the globe have several attitudes towards authority. In Asia, authority is esteemed whereas in west, it is something to dissenting against. NABG must carefully evaluate the attitude towards authority prior launching a marketing campaign for its products and services.
Education level in society: The education level of the society influences quality of jobs and income level. The high level of education generally outcomes in better jobs, higher income and higher spending on critical and aspiring products.
Power structure in society: The company must carefully assess role of power structure in society and the ways it stimulates the demand in the economy (Allen, 2020).
Kinds of immigration and insolence towards immigrants: The latest advancements like Brexit and immigration detention have a great influence on the Southern border of attitude. The insolence towards immigration has come under sharp concentration. The company have the competencies to pilot under this hyper sensitive atmosphere.
Immigration policies and immigration level: The factors such as type of immigration policies of the nation, level of immigration and in which sectors is inspired. It will empower the NABG to decide if necessitated can it hire talent internationally to function in the specific market.
Technological factors: The technology is fast disrupting to the companies like NABG proved from the factors mentioned below:
Incorporation of technology into society and business procedures: The company needs to be conscious of the basic conditions before prevailing any trend. NABG must construct an approach that can incorporate societal values, infrastructure and NABG’s business model.
Enablement of supply chain associates: The company must assess areas where technology can authorize supply chain associates. It can assist NABG to convey in more transparency and make supply chain more supple.
Intellectual property rights and patents protection: Before going to new market, NABG must concentrate on the environment for intellectual property rights.
Cost of production and trends: NABG must evaluate cost of production trends in the economy with the level of automatization. In the near future, for sure, NABG is going to be most disrupted through technological innovation in the manufacturing and production (Igwe et al. 2018).
Transparency and digital drive: NABG can usage digitalization of several procedures to overwhelmed corruption in the local economy.
E-commerce and associated infrastructure advancement: It have been assessed that e-commerce is vital for NABG’ business model. It must assess the e-commerce infrastructure, and more prior entering in a new market.
Legal factors: The legal factors have been stated below:
Interconnection of judiciary and comparative influence of government: The judiciary mutuality generally imitate strength and reliability of the establishments in the nation.
Employment laws: The employment laws in the nation and the consistency with the business model influences to NABG.
Transparency in judiciary framework and procedures: The transparency in must for fair and reliable decision making. If the procedure is constant and transparent then NABG’s can plan ahead with the greater persuasion.
Business laws: Before going into the new market, NABG has to evaluate the business laws and the ways they are varied from home market (Kabakova and Plaksenkov, 2018).
Securities laws: The securities laws in the nation and the circumstances list the company on national or provincial stock exchange.
Environmental factors: The environmental factors have been mentioned below:
Influence and effectiveness of environmental agencies: The role of the environment standards implementation agencies is vital in upkeep standards. But generally, in developing nations, such agencies suspension the procedure as an approach to excerpt bribes. NABG must be cognizance of occurrence of such practices in a nation.
Corporate social responsibilities culture: The company needs to ensure that existing CSR efforts executable in the new market or does it require to have new initiative to cater to the potential market.
Per Capita and national carbon emission: NABG has been influenced with per capita carbon emission of the nation and inclusive level of carbon emissions of the nation. It will assist in improved forecasting the environment policy of the nation.
Impact of climate change: The ways climate change stimulates to NABG’s business model and supply chain. For instance, if the supply chain is not supple it can cause to bottlenecks if shipments from one part of the globe are deferred due to the sudden climate move.
Recycle policies: The recycle polices in prospective market and the ways NABG can follow to those rules (Muhammad and Johar, 2019).
The changes in NABG will enable employees to learn new expertise, discover new prospects and exercise their creativity in means that eventually assist the company by new notions and progressed commitment. The changes in the organization will outcome in new means of viewing at customer requirements, new means of providing customer service, new ways of reinforcing customer communications and new products that can appeal to the new markets.
NABS will make changes in the expertise. It can be made possible through recruiting new employees. Such employees will be valuable as they can generally point to areas of prospect for enhancement that those who have been long indulged in the organization might have overlooked. Although, it can be one of the several benefits of change. But even prevailing personnel must be inspired to question the ways things are enabled in a precise means and view for the innovative means to get work done faster, improved and with greater levels of quality and service. The change has a great role in the effective long-term business.
NABG has been capable of embracing change. Relied on the visionary leadership, enhanced technology and progressed rivalry, implementing and sustaining its communal incidence in mega corporations. NABG can even acquire new entities while entering in new markets. It can be an effective and influential ways of making expansion. The company will be able to attain new business with the help of acquisitions. The company will attain the existing customer segment of the acquiring companies.
Resistance: The employees are generally resistant to change. It has been regarded that employee manage changes diversely. Some willingly change directions whereas others necessitate extra coaching and handholding. The change in the case of NABS will provide new prospects as identified by some personnel whereas others can feel a damage of autonomy. On the other hand, several persons are going to question the requirement for change. To be succeed in forming change, it is required to anticipate resistance, recognizing the roadblocks and the concentration on determining employee concerns.
Constant communication: A major factor in the change management is the requirement to address the individual side of changeover. Although change ingenuities are in process, it is required to interact on the consistent basis, offer a constant message and manage employee queries frankly. All management levels in NABG will be liable for offering the same on-going message at every prospect. The repetition is going to be imperative as personnel may not comprehend the change procedure at first. It generally takes hearing a message 6 tomes or more prior employees become completely engrossed.
Training and goal setting: Post announcing and stating the change initiative, the further step in the procedure is training. It is the accountability of the managers to clear the ways the communicated variations influence the routine work. Most significantly, to be able to approve to change, personnel should comprehend the ways their individual jobs assist the aims of the organization. Moreover, the organization may necessitate new skill frameworks. Some changes comprise training the whole organization on a new business procedure, technology or policies framework. The goal fixing must escort the new direction. Forming timelines and charting change activities will assist to the personnel to grip learning new expertise and offering a means of integrating training into the everyday routine.
There are different tools which are used by NABS for the assessment. The McKinsey 7s model has been used by NABG has a great role in assessing performance. The McKinsey 7s model identifies various major elements for the company are required to be concentrated and united for the effective change management procedures and for consistent performance improvements. Balanced scorecard has a great role in measures that empower performance. Balanced scorecard approach also offers a base to construct a metrics agenda that is allied and reliable. The Balanced scorecard approach is a united tactic to evaluate performance of business strategy and the ways variations can be enabled in the areas like customer partialities and choice architecture, financial objectives and aims, operations management and supply chain blockage determinations and organizations learning capability. In the case of SWOT analysis, strengths of NABG are its capabilities and resources that can be used to leverage to construct a sustainable competitive advantage in the market. The strengths come from the optimistic facets of major resources and capabilities such as financial resources, activities and procedures, past experiences and effectiveness, human resources and physical resource lime land and building. The company has been able to make use of PESTLE analysis in the form of role local governments play, global trade and other treaties, GDP trend and rate of economic growth, demand shifts, foreign exchange rate, power structure in society, Incorporation of technology into society and business procedures and transparency of digital drive.
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