EMMD7504 Emergency Medicine

Introduction

Critical reading is a process of interpreting, analysing and evaluating a research paper which help the reader in delivering a better understanding about the concepts and idea of the paper. The primary aim of critical reading is to deliver a clear idea and provide an evidence about the strength and weakness of the study and thereby helps in understanding the importance of the study in practice (Yu, 2015). Clinical teaching is one of the essential factors in clinical practice which helps the student nurses to grow and learn knowledge which helps them in providing effective care (Natesan et al., 2020). Teachers are found to faces many challenges in providing teaching and patient care at a time. The below paper will critically review a named “Facilitators of high-quality teaching in medical school: findings from a nationwide survey among clinical teachers” and will determine its effectiveness in clinical field (Schiekirka-Schwake et al., 2017).

Discussion

Purpose

The primary aim of the selected study was to provoke clinical teachers’ consideration of high-quality teaching features and to recognize enablers and blockades of providing high-quality education to the students. The paper also aimed at assessing the perception of evaluation and also assessed the motivation of the teachers to participate in didactic training. The paper also assessed the influence of academic criterion on clinical educators’ opinions. The purpose of the study was clearly mentioned in the paper which helped the readers to understand the main aim of the study and thereby providing a clear overview of the study (Damon, 2020).

Background

The study stated that the undergraduate medical education system needs to have a high standard of teaching and learning outcomes as they are responsible for providing high-quality of care to the patient by understanding the need of the patient. Medicinal schools convey the accountability to prepare future doctors with information, skills and attitudes required to deliver state-of-the-art care for their patients and thereby helping the society to overcome the challenges due to adverse health condition. The study determined a gap in the literature review which helped in determining the factor of ideal environment which helps in providing a proper clinical support and teaching the patient with high-quality care. The background literature stated that there exists a lack of proper clinical environment which might be helpful for providing an effective working care and teaching for the clinical teachers. A proper clinical environment is effective in delivering advance care to the patient in proper time and thereby reducing the chance of patient deterioration. This also impacts the practice and profession. Hence, the paper clearly determined the research topic which helped in formulating the research question (Schiekirka-Schwake et al., 2017).

Method

The researcher performed a qualitative study by selecting group focus discussion method and after that provided a questionnaire for determine a high-quality teaching characteristic for determining the barriers and enablers which hinders in providing a high-quality care. The researcher included physicians who are involved in the teaching professions and performed a focus group discussion for determining the perceptions. It is evident that focus group is qualitative research method which is usually done by open-ended questions with the participants for determining the participants thoughts and feelings. The advantages of selecting these methods are it helps in clarifying and testing the pre-conceived findings and notions. It helps in determining the unmet and met needs, helps in determining the issues and ideas which needs to be considered and thereby helps in discovering the process which helps in decision-making process. Thus, the choice of research design was appropriate in this case (Blixen et al., 2015).

The researcher also developed questionnaires with scale items for understanding the characteristics of high school teaching, didactic training, experience, factors which facilitates training and also helped in evaluation. A questionnaire method helps in gaining a proper insight and view about the determined topic and thereby helps in understanding the gap in the topic. The advantages of this study are this method can be used for collecting data accurately from each of the participants, it is one of the inexpensive methods in data collection, it helps in getting results quickly, it helps in maintain a proper scalability and analysing the result quickly by observing the score of the study. Thus, choice of the method is appropriate in this case which helped in determining the perceptions (Ponto, 2015).

Sample Size And Participants

The research was found to involve 833 total number of participants consisting of 264 assistant professors and 569 junior physicians. The sample size was appropriate in this case. It is found that an effective sample size helps in providing a proper value and thereby helps in gaining a proper conclusion about the research topic (Andrade, 2020).

Ethical Approval

The researcher was found to comply the data protection rule and the participation was made voluntary which helped in reducing the biasness of the study. The study received its ethical approval from The Institutional Review Board at Göttingen University Medical Centre which indicates that the study is reliable and highly credible (Yip et al., 2016).  

Results

The research of the study stated that a total number of 833 clinical educators were included in the study. It is found from the participants that the most essential indicator of high-quality teaching was found continued student learning consequence and motivation of attention in the subject material. The primary factor which was found to hinder the high quality of teaching is lack of proper time and the percentage was 78%. The factors which facilitated high-quality teaching was time of working (48%) and recognition of the teacher (21%). The result was found that the teachers were also interested in developing program development, few teachers also stated that there exists lac of time for this activity. The evaluation rating of these program was 75% and the overall global rating was 21%. Thus, the study results clearly referred to the purpose of the study (Schiekirka-Schwake et al., 2017).

Conclusion

The above paper discussed about critical reading. The primary aim of critical reading is to deliver a clear idea and provide an evidence about the strength and weakness of the study and thereby helps in understanding the importance of the study in practice. undergraduate medical education system needs to have a high standard of teaching and learning outcomes as they are responsible for providing high-quality of care to the patient by understanding the need of the patient. The paper also discussed about the credibility of the literature which helped in determining the factor.

References

Andrade C. (2020). Sample Size and its Importance in Research. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 42(1), 102–103. https://doi.org/10.4103/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_504_19

Blixen, C., Perzynski, A., Cage, J., Smyth, K., Moore, S., Sila, C., Pundik, S., & Sajatovic, M. (2015). Using focus groups to inform the development of stroke recovery and prevention programs for younger African-American (AA) men. Topics in stroke rehabilitation, 22(3), 221–230. https://doi.org/10.1179/1074935714Z.0000000006

Damon, W., & Malin, H. (2020). The Development of Purpose. The Oxford Handbook of Moral Development: An Interdisciplinary Perspective, 110.

Natesan, S., Bailitz, J., King, A., Krzyzaniak, S. M., Kennedy, S. K., Kim, A. J., Byyny, R., & Gottlieb, M. (2020). Clinical Teaching: An Evidence-based Guide to Best Practices from the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors. The western journal of emergency medicine, 21(4), 985–998. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2020.4.46060

Ponto J. (2015). Understanding and Evaluating Survey Research. Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology, 6(2), 168–171.

Schiekirka-Schwake, S., Anders, S., Von Steinbüchel, N., Becker, J. C., & Raupach, T. (2017). Facilitators of high-quality teaching in medical school: findings from a nation-wide survey among clinical teachers. BMC medical education, 17(1), 1-8. DOI 10.1186/s12909-017-1000-6

Yip, C., Han, N. R., & Sng, B. L. (2016). Legal and ethical issues in research. Indian journal of anaesthesia, 60(9), 684–688. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.190627

Yu, J. (2015). Analysis of critical reading strategies and its effect on college English reading. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(1), 134-138.

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