401001 Primary Health Care in Action

Question one

The two major social determinants that helped the management of the school to determine the need for the project in the video includes education and basic amenities and environment. The solution of “no school no pool” has effectively addressed both the determinant effectively. As per (), lack of access to education along with lack of interest of the children to attend school is a major barrier to educational development of the Aboriginal population in Australia (Sokol et al., 2019).  Education can be considered to be the key to social and financial improvement for the aboriginal since it not only enhance the accessibility and ability of the  individuals to have an effective professional life but will also enhance the financial condition of the community. Additionally, enhanced academic knowledge leads to better health outcomes along with to their social benefits of the community. From the video, it has been found that initially the children of Burringurrah Aboriginal community were reluctant to visit schools. The attendance of students in the community school was low and parents were unable to convince children to visit school. However, it was noticed by the community embers that children did enjoyed swimming in the pool. In order to persuade the student to visit the school, the no school no pool concept has been introduced by the school management. This has imposed positive impact on the attendance. One of the member of the school management school stated that the attendance of children after the implementation of “no school, no pool” law has got enhanced remarkably. The pool has acted as a major motivator for the children of Burrigurrah community. For instance, one of the parent stated that, earlier to the rule, it was difficult for him to wake up his child for school. However, currently, the child himself wake up and gets ready for the school.

Another major determinants that helped the school management to opt for the solution includes the environment in which the Burringurrah community settles. As per Ogunwole and Golden (2021), the climate of a region possess the potential to impose a positive or negative impact on the health of the residents. The Burrigurrah community swelters under the oppressive health of the Australian outback. However, the establishment of the Olympic sized swimming pool that has been built at the middle of the town has acted as an oasis for the community, specifically the children. From the video it has been found that earlier to the establishment of the pool, the children of the community used to lead a quiet life and lacked energy to play, due to scorching heat in the region. However, with the introduction of the pool, the playfulness amongst the children has got enhanced to a great extent. Additionally, the pool has imposed positive impact on the health of the children as well. For instance, one of the educators reported that earlier children used to be suffering from skin infections due to heat. However, currently, the rate of skin infection amongst children has got reduced considerably.

Question 2

The two primary health care principles that are highly relevant for the project include “genuine local Indigenous community engagement to maximize participation” and “opting for approaches that harmonize with the local Aboriginal ways of life”. As per Beks et al. (2020), while opting for an activity for enhancing the quality of life of  the Aboriginal community, it is crucial for social health workers to ensure that the local indigenous community is activity engaged in the project  for maximizing participation a up to as well as including formal structure associated with community control. In the project of establishment of a pool in the Burrigurrah region, active involvement of the community members has been received. The key reason behind the community involvement of the community members includes the pool will not only act as a source of relief from the scratching heat but will also reduce and eventually prevent skin diseases that happens as a result of heat.  When it comes to the no school no pool project, it is highly supported by the community members. The key reason behind this is that the project aims to enhance the participation of the children in community schools and thus enhance their academic knowledge. From the video, it has been found that majority of the parents are aware of the importance of education and regular attendance of children in the school. Hence all the parents have actively participated in the project. This can be effectively understood from their statements. The no school no pool program has not only enhanced  the attendance of the children but also acted as a great co curricular activity. For instance one of the community members stated that after implementation of the project, even 5 year old children have developed effective expertise of swimming. The community members are hopeful for the swimming carnival that will take place in the community.

The second principle that has been followed while conducting the project includes approaches that harmonies with local aboriginal way of life and in particular regionally organized service deliver as well as outreach services to dispersed population. The project has been launched in harmony with the local aboriginal ways of life. For instance, no parameters or rules that are contradictory to the culture or daily life activities of the targeted aboriginal population has been  introduced. As per Canaway et al. (2019), while introducing health care or social care programs for the indigenous community, it is highly crucial for the social health workers to effectively understand the daily activities of the aboriginal population and ensure that the approaches introduced are not contracting the same and are facilitating their way of life. This not only ensure demonstration of cultural competence but also ensure active participation of the members of the community. Given the fact that project has been introduced to enhance the urge of the children to educate themselves along with ensuring enhancement of their energy level and physical activity level, the project has displayed effective respect to the culture of the community. For example, one of the community member stated that the project has enhanced the energy level of the children along with reducing their degree of getting affected from infectious diseases.

Question 3

The most relevant strategy from Ottawa Charter for health promotion that poses relevance with the no school, no pool project is “enable”. As per Thompson et al. (2018), the aim of health promotion is to achieve health equity. The goal of health promotion is to minimize disparities in current health status and to ensure that all people have equal access to opportunities and services so that they can reach their full health potential. This involves a solid base in a nurturing setting, as well as access to knowledge, life skills, as well as opportunities for making healthy decisions. Given the fact that the mentioned project is a step towards health and educational equity between the indigenous and non-indigenous population of Australia, this project bears relevance with the ‘enable’ strategy of Ottawa charter. The participation of the students had got enhanced to a great extent which signifies more and more students are getting interested to get educated. This is evident from the statements of the community members. For example one of the community members have highlighted that the interest of students to attend school has got enhanced after the no school, no pool project. Secondly, this project has reduced the prevalence of skin diseases and infection that took place due to heat and also enhanced the overall energy of the children.

Question 4

Cultural competence refers to the ability to communicate, understand as well as effectively communicate with people across different cultures. The key areas that are encompassed by cultural competence includes developing positive attitudes against differences in culture, gaining awareness of different cultural practices as well as world views, and developing skills for conversation and sharing across cultures, a good way to start emerging a multicultural viewpoint is by becoming more mindful of one’s own culturally learned assumptions, developing positive attitudes about cultural differences, gaining awareness of various cultural traditions as well as world views, along with developing skills for communicating across cultures, some of which may be culturally biased (Danso, 2018). For this project cultural competence of the social health workers are highly crucial since it enables them to acknowledge and accept difference in approaches, culture and behaviors of the community members and demonstrate genuine respect towards their culture and perspective. As per (Givler et al., 2020), cultural competence enables the service providers to develop an effective and trusted bond with the service users Given the fact that for the No school no pool project, the trust of the community members and the support of the patents were highly crucial, cultural competence can be considered to be highly crucial for the project. From the video, it can be clearly understood that their exist a trusted bond and cultural competence of the social service providers in the Burringurrah community. This can be evident from their statement. For example, one of the service providers stated that they are highly hopeful and enthusiastic about launching  the swimming carnival.

References

Beks, H., Ewing, G., Charles, J. A., Mitchell, F., Paradies, Y., Clark, R. A., & Versace, V. L. (2020). Mobile primary health care clinics for Indigenous populations in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States: a systematic scoping review. International journal for equity in health, 19(1), 1-21.

Canaway, R., Boyle, D. I., Manski‐Nankervis, J. A. E., Bell, J., Hocking, J. S., Clarke, K., ... & Emery, J. D. (2019). Gathering data for decisions: best practice use of primary care electronic records for research. Medical Journal of Australia, 210, S12-S16.

Danso, R. (2018). Cultural competence and cultural humility: A critical reflection on key cultural diversity concepts. Journal of Social Work, 18(4), 410-430.

Givler, A., Bhatt, H., & Maani-Fogelman, P. A. (2020). The importance of cultural competence in pain and palliative care. StatPearls [Internet].

Ogunwole, S. M., & Golden, S. H. (2021). Social determinants of health and structural inequities—root causes of diabetes disparities. Diabetes Care, 44(1), 11-13.

Sokol, R., Austin, A., Chandler, C., Byrum, E., Bousquette, J., Lancaster, C., ... & Shanahan, M. (2019). Screening children for social determinants of health: a systematic review. Pediatrics, 144(4).

Thompson, S. R., Watson, M. C., & Tilford, S. (2018). The Ottawa Charter 30 years on: still an important standard for health promotion. International Journal of Health Promotion and Education, 56(2), 73-84.

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